Avoiding Clutter: Using Adjectives and Adverbs Wisely

Abstract

Modifiers – adjectives and adverbs – are often derided as clutter in scientific writing. But used judiciously, modifiers can strengthen scientific writing. In this chapter, we offer a reminder of the purpose of adjectives and adverbs, and we consider how they might be used as effective tools of persuasive writing. We show how modifiers may be used to intensify meaning or to signal uncertainty – both useful effects in research writing. We also flag hazards in the over-enthusiastic use of modifiers, so that writers can begin to recognize patterns in their modifier use that may be undermining rather than heightening the impact of their work. The challenge is to find that perfect balance so that modifiers work for us rather than against us.

When you catch an adjective, kill it.

– Mark Twain