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Introduction to Ophthalmology of Aves

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Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology

Abstract

The status of avian ophthalmology, especially regarding clinical and surgical aspects, depends highly on furthering our understanding of the basic biology of the avian eye. Molecular biology and morphology provide the framework for phylogenetic, taxonomic, evolutionary, and ethological studies. Even though there are more similarities than differences in the molecular biology, morphology, physiology, and function comparing the avian eye to the eye of other vertebrates, knowledge of the specific differences is crucial for the veterinary ophthalmologists to succeed in diagnosing and treating avian ophthalmic conditions. All birds (Class Aves) have feathers and are divided among 23 orders. Some orders are more expansive and/or diverse than others. For instance, more than half of all birds belong to the order Passeriformes (Chap. 18), whereas the Struthioniformes (e.g., ostriches, emus, kiwi, Chap. 25) and Galliformes (pheasants, guinea fowl, Chap. 24) contain only a few species. The most commonly evaluated groups in veterinary ophthalmology include: Psittaciformes (e.g., macaws, parrots, parakeets, cockatoos; Chap. 17); Passeriformes (canaries, finches), those living in zoological gardens (e.g., Psittaciformes, Rhamphastids: toucans, toucanettes, Chap. 19), wild birds (Anseriformes: e.g., ducks, geese, swans, Chap. 24; Falconidae: e.g., hawks, falcons, eagles, Chap. 20; Strigiformes: e.g., owls, Chap. 20) and those used in sport (Falconidae).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Bret A. Moore

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Esteban Fernandez-Juricic

  3. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

    Michelle G. Hawkins

  4. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil

    Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira & Rogério Ribas Lange

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  1. Bret A. Moore
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  2. Esteban Fernandez-Juricic
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  3. Michelle G. Hawkins
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  4. Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira
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  5. Rogério Ribas Lange
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Correspondence to Bret A. Moore .

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  1. Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil

    Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Bret A. Moore

  3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Gil Ben-Shlomo

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Moore, B.A., Fernandez-Juricic, E., Hawkins, M.G., Montiani-Ferreira, F., Lange, R.R. (2022). Introduction to Ophthalmology of Aves. In: Montiani-Ferreira, F., Moore, B.A., Ben-Shlomo, G. (eds) Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71302-7_16

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