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Lung Mechanics- Compliance and Resistance-Extrapulmonary Response

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Teaching Pearls in Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation

Abstract

Lung mechanics are described by two parameters: resistance and compliance. Frictional forces that must be overcome during breathing are defined as resistance. Compliance is defined as change in lung volume per unit change in the pressure gradient.

Acute respiratory failure is a common complication in surgical patients and can be successfully treated with noninvasive mechanical ventilation.

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Abbreviations

ARDS:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

ARF:

Acute respiratory failure

BIPAP:

Bilevel positive airway pressure

C:

Compliance

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

DP:

Driving pressure

EPAP:

Expiratory positive airway pressure

e:

Elastance

F:

Gas flow

FEF:

Forced expiratory flow

FEV1:

Forced expiratory volume in one second

FRC:

Functional residual capacity

FVC:

Forced vital capacity

ICU:

Intensive care unit

IPAP:

Inspiratory positive airway pressure

NIMV:

Noninvasive mechanical ventilation

Pal:

Alveolar pressure

Paw:

Airway pressure

Ppl:

Pleural pressure

Raw:

Airway resistance

ΔP:

Pressure change

ΔV:

Volume change

References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, İstanbul, Turkey

    Aylin Özdilek

Authors
  1. Aylin Özdilek
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aylin Özdilek .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain

    Antonio M. Esquinas

1 Electronic Supplementary Material

Basic physiology breathing patterns: tachipnea (MOV 31128 kb)

Basic physiology breathing patterns: apnea—bradipnea (MOV 10257 kb)

Pressure-flow volume waveforms relationships_1 (MOV 9994 kb)

Pressure-flow volume waveforms relationships_2 (MOV 4530 kb)

Obstructive patterns: COPD Exacerbation_Auto PEEP (MOV 15654 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_1 (MOV 115217 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_2 (MOV 34291 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_3 (MOV 72938 kb)

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Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_12 (MOV 34772 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_13 (MOV 30802 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_14 (MP4 2216 kb)

Expiratory flow asynchrony waveform_15 (MOV 12775 kb)

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Özdilek, A. (2022). Lung Mechanics- Compliance and Resistance-Extrapulmonary Response. In: Esquinas, A.M. (eds) Teaching Pearls in Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71298-3_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71298-3_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-71297-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-71298-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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