Timing Parameters

Abstract

Synchronization is de facto in modern digital communications network. To achieve better accuracy and optimize the network measurement of different timing parameters such as jitter and wander, PDV, TIE, MTIE, TDEV, and overall time error budget calculation are important. A series of ITU recommendations is created to support various timing measurements at different network reference points as well the source of primary reference clock. Phase wander is a critical timing parameter that must be taken into account for PRTC and other primary timing source. Network environment such as telecom network requires high-precision timing accuracy for which end-to-end time error budget will be imperative. ITU-T recommendations has specified both network and equipment level time error budget which must be consulted and maintained during network design and deployments.