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Comparative Analysis and Recommendations for the Use of Frequency Regulation Technologies in Integrated Power Systems with a Large Share of Wind Power Plants

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Systems, Decision and Control in Energy II

Part of the book series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control ((SSDC,volume 346))

Abstract

The analysis of publications and the state of the problem showed that the rapid and significant growth of the share of wind power plants (WPPs) in the structure of the generating sources of the integrated power systems (IPSs) is an objectively determined process, the intensity of which will continue to grow in the future. The main driving factors of this process are the rapid technological progress of both wind power plants and new technologies for energy storage sources production, such as high-power battery energy storage systems (BESSs). At the same time, the analysis showed that there is a mismatch between the level of technological development and theoretical research in this area. This concerns, first of all, the models of frequency stabilization processes in IPS with a large share of WPPs in their structure. The models available in the literature that can calculate the processes of frequency regulation in these systems are linear. They cannot take into account nonlinear limitations, which are present in real sources, used as regulating power (restrictions on the maximum regulator power, the maximum speed of its change, the width of the dead band, and the module of frequency deviance). The linear models also do not take into account the nonlinearity of dependence of the WPP output power on wind speed and peculiarities of its frequency spectrum. Ignoring nonlinear limits in the mentioned models leads to grossly inaccurate and even incorrect results. With the use of the author’s model, which takes into account these nonlinear constraints, a series of calculations was performed to identify the possibilities of using each of the known classes of power plants and electrical units for automatic frequency control in the IPS with powerful WPPs (coal, gas-oil power plants, gas piston units, battery energy storage systems). Variants for each of the technologies where the frequency in the IPS met the requirements of the European power system ENTSO-E (|Δf| ≤ 0.02 Hz) and the IPS of Ukraine (|Δf| ≤ 0.2 Hz) were considered. It was found that for IPS, which are comparable to IPS of Ukraine in terms of the combination of operating conditions, only BESS is available for use as a frequency regulator in terms of technological and economic factors. It was also investigated and established that to ensure the European requirements for frequency stability in the IPS, the power of the regulator must be not less than the total power swing of the WPP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of General Energy of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Oleksandr Zgurovets & Mykhailo Kulyk

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  1. Oleksandr Zgurovets
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  2. Mykhailo Kulyk
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Correspondence to Oleksandr Zgurovets .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Monitoring and Optimization of Thermophysical Processes, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Artur Zaporozhets

  2. Department of Mathematical and Econometric Modeling, Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Volodymyr Artemchuk

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Zgurovets, O., Kulyk, M. (2021). Comparative Analysis and Recommendations for the Use of Frequency Regulation Technologies in Integrated Power Systems with a Large Share of Wind Power Plants. In: Zaporozhets, A., Artemchuk, V. (eds) Systems, Decision and Control in Energy II. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 346. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69189-9_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69189-9_5

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-69189-9

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