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Diet, Microbiome, Inflammation, and Cancer

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Inflammation, Infection, and Microbiome in Cancers

Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

Abstract

Interactions between host nutrition, microbiota, and inflammation is an area of intense and growing interest to prevent or halt cancer. In complement to recent reviews focusing on the experimental evidence and the potential mechanisms underlying these relationships, this book chapter focuses on human observational and interventional studies of the microbiome as it relates to dietary patterns and key dietary factors with established links to inflammation and inflammation-driven cancers. Toward establishing causality in humans and the development of broadly beneficial targets, human prospective and interventional data bolster experimental models demonstrating that dietary components or patterns, at least in part, shape the composition of the gut microbiome and that diet and the gut microbiome, independently and collectively, modulate localized and systemic inflammation, as well as other critical pathways to cancer initiation and progression. Thus, dietary interventions, if capable of achieving timely and sufficient long-term behavior change, could theoretically be used to “improve” microbiome community structure and function and/or displace or reduce bacteria that promote cancer. Research focused on various parameters of microbiome-based personalized nutrition in cancer prevention and treatment is likely to continue to inform important targets and interactions that will shape clinical and public health practice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Xiaotao Zhang

  2. Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Xiaotao Zhang & Carrie R. Daniel

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  1. Xiaotao Zhang
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  2. Carrie R. Daniel
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Correspondence to Carrie R. Daniel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago (537), Chicago, IL, USA

    Jun Sun

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Zhang, X., Daniel, C.R. (2021). Diet, Microbiome, Inflammation, and Cancer. In: Sun, J. (eds) Inflammation, Infection, and Microbiome in Cancers. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67951-4_11

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