Abstract
Resilience has moved from a descriptive scientific concept to a normative imperative on the international and national policy agendas. Assessing resilience is often seen as a necessity to implement it. The proliferation of methods, indicators and tools echoes the failure to produce universal, consensual and empirically validated indices, challenging the very possibility of measuring resilience. After disentangling the polysemy of the term in the environmental field, I review the different approaches used in resilience measurement, highlighting their limitations to propose three levels of explanation. First, I link the difficulties of measuring resilience to the theoretical impasses and definitional vagueness that characterize the term. Second, I highlight the contradiction of trying to measure a complex, multi-dimensional, multi-scale reality with tools that intrinsically reduce complexity. Finally, I argue that resilience is a political construction, whose content is not a priori given. How resilience is defined reflects subjective judgments, values, beliefs, ideologies, which vary across individuals, places and times. I therefore recommend considering resilience not as an objective, but as a method for de-compartmentalizing public policies and improve governance of security. This approach does not imply giving up on evaluation and measurement, but rather prioritizing what can (and should) be evaluated.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bahadur, A., Wilkinson, E., & Tanner, T. M. (2015). Measuring resilience: An analytical review. Climate and Development.
Béné, C. (2013a). Towards a quantifiable measure of resilience. IDS Working Papers, 2013(434), 1–27.
Béné, C. (2013b). Can we actually measure resilience vulnerabilityandpoverty.blogspot.com.es/2013/10/can-we-actually-measure-resilience.html
Cumming, G. S., Barnes, G., Perz, S., Schmink, M., Sieving, K. E., Southworth, J., & Van Holt, T. (2005). An exploratory framework for the empirical measurement of resilience. Ecosystems, 8(8), 975–987.
Bourbeau, P. (2017). Resilience, security and world politics. In D. Chandler & J. Coaffee (Eds.), Routledge handbook of international resilience (pp. 26–37). London: Routledge.
Chandler, D., & Coaffee, J. (Eds.). (2017). The Routledge handbook of international resilience. London / New York, NY: Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group.
Cutter, S. L. (2016a). Resilience to what? Resilience for whom? The Geographical Journal, 182(2), 110–113.
Cutter, S. L. (2016b). The landscape of disaster resilience indicators in the USA. Natural Hazards, 80(2), 741–758.
Cutter, S. L., Barnes, L., Berry, M., Burton, C., Evans, E., Tate, E., & Webb, J. (2008). A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. Global Environmental Change, 18(4), 598–606.
Gaillard, J. C. (2010). Vulnerability, capacity and resilience: Perspectives for climate and development policy. Journal of International Development, 22(2), 218–232.
Guivarch, C., & Taconet, N. (2020). Inégalités mondiales et changement climatique. Revue de l’OFCE, 165(1), 35–70.
Fisichelli, N. A., Schuurman, G. W., & Hoffman, C. H. (2016). Is ‘resilience’ maladaptive? Towards an accurate lexicon for climate change adaptation. Environmental Management, 57(4), 753–758.
Fiksel, J. (2006). Sustainability and resilience: Toward a systems approach. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 2(2), 14–21.
Joseph, J. (2013). Resilience as embedded neoliberalism: A governmentality approach. Resilience, 1(1), 38–52.
Meerow, S., Newell, J. P., & Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147, 38–49.
Pfefferbaum, R. L., Pfefferbaum, B., Van Horn, R. L., Klomp, R. W., Norris, F. H., & Reissman, D. B. (2013). The Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART): An intervention to build community resilience to disasters. JPHMP, 19(3), 250–258.
Pugh, J. (2014). Resilience, complexity and post-liberalism. Area, 46(3), 313–319.
Quinn, T., Adger, W. N., Butler, C., & Walker-Springett, K. (2020). Community resilience and well-being: An exploration of relationality and belonging after disasters. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 1, 1–14.
Reghezza-Zitt, M., & Rufat, S. (2019). Disentangling the range of responses to threats, hazards and disasters. Vulnerability, resilience and adaptation in question. Cybergeo.
Reghezza-Zitt, M., & Rufat, S. (2016). Resilience imperative: Uncertainty, risks and disasters. Oxford: Elsevier.
Reid, J. (2012). The neoliberal subject: Resilience and the art of living dangerously. Revista Pléyade, 10, 143–165.
Schipper, E. L. F., & Langston, F. (2015). A comparative overview of resilience measurement frameworks analysing indicators and approaches. ODI. https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/9754.pdf
Rufat, S. (2018). Estimations de la résilience des territoires, sociétés, villes. Méthodes, mesures, validations. VertigO 30
Tierney, K., & Bruneau, M. (2007). Conceptualizing and measuring resilience: A key to disaster loss reduction. TR news 250.
UNDP. 2014. Human Development Report 2014: Sustaining Human Progress – Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience. New York.
Winderl, T. (2014). Disaster resilience measurements: Stocktaking of ongoing efforts in developing systems for measuring resilience. UNDP, http://www.preventionweb.net/files/37916_disasterresiliencemeasurementsundpt.pdf.
Weichselgartner, J., & Kelman, I. (2015). Geographies of resilience: Challenges and opportunities of a descriptive concept. Progress in Human Geography, 39(3), 249–267.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Reghezza-Zitt, M. (2021). Is Resilience Measurable?. In: Laurent, É. (eds) The Well-being Transition. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67860-9_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67860-9_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-67859-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-67860-9
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)