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Climate Change and Groundwater: Planning and Adaptations for a Changing and Uncertain Future

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Abstract

Countries and communities exposed to climate change will have to adapt to increased flooding and other direct physical threats by either retreat, accommodation, or protection. The principal threats to groundwater supplies from climate change are (1) increased aridity decreasing recharge and thus the amount of water that can be sustainably extracted, (2) deceases in annual average precipitation decreasing surface water supplies causing additional demands on groundwater, (3) changes in the timing and form of precipitation (e.g., decreases in annual snowpacks) that could decrease recharge, (4) increased temperatures and decreases in precipitation may drive additional demands for water in general, and (5) increased risk of salinization. Adaptations to the negative consequences of climate change on groundwater supplies are essentially the same options available to address water scarcity in general. Decreasing groundwater supplies and reliability may be addressed by some combination of demand management, development of alterative water supplies (e.g., desalination, wastewater reuse, rainwater harvesting), and optimization of existing supplies (e.g., managed aquifer recharge, conjunctive use, and community water system interconnections, coordination, and consolidations).

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  1. WSP and Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA

    Robert Maliva

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Maliva, R. (2021). Adaptation Options. In: Climate Change and Groundwater: Planning and Adaptations for a Changing and Uncertain Future. Springer Hydrogeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66813-6_10

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