Skip to main content

A Concept of Internet of Robotic Things for Smart Automation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Emergence of Cyber Physical System and IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics

Abstract

A recent evolution in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) is the interdisciplinary domain involving smart automation and robotics implemented by the techniques of Internet of Things (IoT), famously known as Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT). This emerging technology is adopted in various sectors such as health care, manufacturing industries, economic, information technology and several other fields. Persistent sensors and actuators involved in robotics and automation are brought together by the emerging vision of Internet of Robotic Things. The domains of robotics and Internet of Things (IoT) cannot be viewed separately hence integrated together to form the novel domain—Internet of Robotic Things where the technologies of robotics are implemented in the scenarios of IoT. This chapter aims to provide an overview of possible solutions for various issues in smart automation environment and applications of robotics using Internet of Things (IoT). Envisioning dense heterogeneous devices communicating with each other to accomplish various objectives in the field of automation and robotics using Internet of Things (IoT) is the aim of this chapter. This technology can increase efficiency at reduced cost, significantly reducing manual intervention by increasing automation process visioning by SCADA systems. Industrial automation involving Internet of Things (IoT) has the goal of self-configuration, self-organization, self-healing system, scalability with less power consumption compatible to global standards. Involvement of robotics in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) potentially changes the process of production where the operations are performed rapidly in an accurate way leading to tremendous value in the field of automation. These two domains are converged and developed to provide the concept, architecture, involved technologies, challenges and applications and future work in order to cover (Internet of Robotic Things) IoRT comprehensively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ackerman. (2012). CMU’s andy vision robot is in your store, doing your inventory. IEEE Spectrum [Online]. Available: https://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/industrial-robots/cmu-andyvision-inventory-robot.

  • Anavangot, V., Menon, V. G., & Nayyar, A. (2018, November). Distributed big data analytics in the Internet of signals. In 2018 international conference on system modeling & advancement in research trends (SMART) (pp. 73–77). IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ando, N., Suehiro, T., Kitagaki, K., Kotoku, T., & Yoon, W.-K. (2005). RT-middleware: Distributed component middleware for RT (robot technology). In Proceedings of IEEE/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and system (pp. 3933–3938).

    Google Scholar 

  • Arai, T., Yasuda, M., Matsuhira, N. (2016). Development of a teleoperated robot arm system using RSNP: Precise tasks performed using a predictive display. In Proceedings of 2016 13th international conference on ubiquitous robots and ambient intelligence (URAI) (pp. 128–131).

    Google Scholar 

  • Batth, R. S., Nayyar, A., & Nagpal, A. (2018, August). Internet of robotic things: Driving intelligent robotics of future-concept, architecture, applications and technologies. In 2018 4th international conference on computing sciences (ICCS) (pp. 151–160). IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campo, A., Gambi, D., Montanini, L., Perla, D., Raffaeli, L., & Spisante, S. (2016). MQTT in AAL systems for home monitoring of people with dementia. In Proceedings of IEEE 27th annual international symposium personal, indoor, mobile radio communication (PIMRC) (pp. 1–6).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpio, L. F. D., Di Marco, P., Skillermark, P., Chirikov, R., Lagergren, K., Amin, P. (2016). Comparison of 802.11ah and BLE for a home automation use case. In Proceedings of IEEE 27th annuals international symposium personal, indoor, mobile radio communication (PIMRC) (pp. 1–6).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chattha, N. A. (2014). NFC—Vulnerabilities and defense. In Proceedings of conference on information assurance cyber security (CIACS) (pp. 35–38).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chi, H. R., Tsang, K. F., Wu, C. K., & Hung, F. H. (2016). ZigBee based wireless sensor network in smart metering. In Proceedings of 42nd annual conference on IEEE Indian electronics society (pp. 5663–5666).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubey, S., Singh, P., Yadav, P., & Singh, K. K. (2020). Household waste management system using IoT and machine learning. Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1950–1959.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes, J. L., Lopes, I. C., Rodrigues, J. J., & Ullah, S. (2013). Performance evaluation of RESTful Web services and AMQP protocol. In Proceedings of IEEE 5th international conference on ubiquitous future network (ICUFN) (pp. 810–815).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fines, P., Christofylaki, E., Febvre, P., Khan, A. H. (2013). BGAN radio interface enhancements for SatCom-on-the-move. In Proceedings of IEEE 77th 4G vehicle technology conference (VTC Spring) (pp. 1–5).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, S. (2016). ARM and the open internet of things, accessed. [Online]. Available: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/45755086.

  • Furrer, J., Kamei, K., Sharma, C., Miyashita, T., & Hagita, N. (2012). UNR-PF: An open-source platform for cloud networked robotic services. In Proceedings of IEEE/SICE international symposium systems integral (SII) (pp. 945–950).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao, S., Gui, Z., & Wu, H. (2014). Extending WSDL for describing complex geodata in GIS service. In Proceedings of IEEE 3rd international conference on agro-geoinformatics (agro-geoinformatics) (pp. 1–6).

    Google Scholar 

  • Giusto, D., Iera, A., Morabito, G., & Atzori, L. (Eds.). (2010). The internet of things: 20th Tyrrhenian workshop on digital communications. New York, NY, USA: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grieco, et al. (2014). IoT-aided robotics applications: Technological implications, target domains and open issues. Computer Communications, 54(1), 32–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, R., Tanwar, S., Al-Turjman, F., Italiya, P., Nauman, A., & Kim, S. W. (2020). Smart contract privacy protection using AI in cyber-physical systems: Tools, techniques and challenges. IEEE Access, 8, 24746–24772.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, K. Q., Latif, S. I., & Lazarou, G. Y. (2016). ‘A microstrip line-fed multi-resonant slot antenna in the 4G/LTE band for smart- phones. In Proceedings of IEEE Military Communication Conference (MILCOM) (pp. 208–212).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu, G, Tay, W. P., & Wen, Y. (2012). Cloud robotics: Architecture, challenges and applications. IEEE Network, 26(3), 21–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • IEEE Society of robotics and automation’s technical committee on networked robots [Online]. Available: https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~isler/tc.

  • IoT Definition. (2012). Accessed on Jul. 4, 2012 [Online]. Available: https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/newslog/New+ITU+Standards+Define+The+Internet+Of+Things+And+Provide+The+Blueprints+For+Its+Development.

  • Kagaya. (2012). Strategy and efforts for robotics integration aiming at combining information and communications technology with robots. NTT Technical Review, 10(11), 1–7 [Online]. Available: https://www.nttreview.jp/archive/ntttechnical.php?contents=ntr201211fa10.

  • Kamei, K., Nishio, S., Hagita, N., Sato, M. (2012). Cloud networked robotics. IEEE Network, 26(3), 28–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karjaluoto, H. (2006). An investigation of third generation (3G) mobile technologies and services. Contemporary Management Research, 2(2), 91–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kehoe, B., Patil, S., Abbeel, P., & Goldberg, K. (2015). A survey of research on cloud robotics and automation. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 12(2), 398–409.

    Google Scholar 

  • LLAP. (2020). Accessed on May 2020 [Online]. Available: https://openkontrol.org/llap/index.php/openkontrol/69-LLAP%20-%20Lightweight%20Local%20Automation%20Protocol.

  • Mizukawa et al. (2002). ORiN: Open robot interface for the network—The standard and unified network interface for industrial robot applications. In Proceedings of IEEE 41st SICE annual conference (SICE) (pp. 925–928).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, X., Luo, W. (2008). The analysis of 6LowPAN technology. In Proceedings of IEEE Pacific–Asia workshop computational intelligence and industrial application (pp. 963–966). Wuhan, China.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcus, M. et al. (2015). Semi-autonomous domestic service robots: Evaluation of a user interface for remote manipulation and navigation with focus on effects of stereoscopic display. International Journal of Society Robotics, 7, 183–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masirap, M., Amaran, M. H., Yussoff, Y. M., Rahman, R. A., & Hashim, H. (2016). Evaluation of reliable UDP-based transport protocols for internet of things (IoT). In Proceedings of IEEE symposium computer applications and industrial electronics (ISCAIE) (pp. 200–205).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nayyar, A., Puri, V., & Le, D. N. (2017). Internet of nano things (IoNT): Next evolutionary step in nanotechnology. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 7(1), 4–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padikkapparambil, J., Ncube, C., Singh, K. K., & Singh, A. (2020). Internet of things technologies for elderly health-care applications. In Emergence of pharmaceutical industry growth with industrial IoT approach (pp. 217–243). Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng, H. (2012). WIFI network information security analysis research. In Proceedings of 2nd international conference on consumer electronics communication network (CECNet) (pp. 2243–2245).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierleoni, P., Pernini, L., Belli, A., Palma, L., Maurizi, L., Valenti, S. (2016). Indoor localization system for AAL over IPv6 WSN. In Proceedings of IEEE 27th annual international symposium personal indoor, mobile radio communication (PIMRC) (pp. 1–7).

    Google Scholar 

  • Postolache. (2016). Time-triggered CANopen implementation for net- worked embedded systems. In Proceedings of IEEE 20th international conference on systems theory, control computing (ICSTCC) (pp. 168–173).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray. (2016). Creating values out of internet of things: An indus- trial perspective. Journal of Computer Network Communication, 2, 1579460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saito, Y., Azumi, T., Kato, S., Nishio, N. (2016). Priority and synchronization support for ROS. In Proceedings of IEEE 4th international conference on cyber-physical systems, networks, and applications (CPSNA) (pp. 77–82).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schütz, B., & Aschenbruck, N. (2016). Adding a network coding extension to CoAP for large resource transfer. In Proceedings of IEEE 41st conference on local computer network. (LCN) (pp. 715–722).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sehgal, A., Agrawal, R., Bhardwaj, R., & Singh, K. K. (2020). Reliability analysis of wireless link for IOT applications under shadow-fading conditions. Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1515–1523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siciliano, B., & Khatib, O. (Eds.). (2008a). Springer handbook of robotics. Berlin, Germany: Springer.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Siciliano, B., Khatib, O. (2008b). Springer handbook of robotics. Berlin, Germany: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, P., Nayyar, A., Kaur, A., & Ghosh, U. (2020a). Blockchain and fog based architecture for internet of everything in smart cities. Future Internet, 12(4), 61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, A. K., Firoz, N., Tripathi, A., Singh, K. K., Choudhary, P., & Vashist, P. C. (2020b). Internet of things: From hype to reality. An Industrial IoT Approach for Pharmaceutical Industry Growth:, 2, 191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, M., Sachan, S., Singh, A., & Singh, K. K. (2020c). Internet of things in pharma industry: possibilities and challenges. In Emergence of pharmaceutical industry growth with industrial IoT approach (pp. 195–216). Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, I. G. (2012). The internet of things 2012: New Horizon. Halifax, U.K.: IERC-Internet of Things European Research Cluster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solanki, A., & Nayyar, A. (2019). Green internet of things (G-IoT): ICT technologies, principles, applications, projects, and challenges. In Handbook of Research on Big Data and the IoT (pp. 379–405). IGI Global.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanik, Kao, O. (2016). A proposal for REST with XMPP as base protocol for intercloud communication. In Proceedings of IEEE 7th international conference on information intelligence system and applications (IISA) (pp. 1–6).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanwar, S. (2020). Fog data analytics for IoT applications—next generation process model with state-of-the-art technologies. Studies in Big Data, 76, 1–497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vashi. (2011). Cloud robotics: An emerging research discipline. Mälardalen University [Online]. Available: https://www.idt.mdh.se/kurser/ct3340/ht11/MINICONFERENCE/FinalPapers/ircse11_submission_20.pdf.

  • Wan, J., Tang, S., Yan, H., Li, D., Wang, S., Vasilakos, A. V. (2016). ‘Cloud robotics: Current status and open issues. IEEE Access, 4, 2797–2807.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue, W. K., Xiao, B. P., & Ma, L. (2016). Joint optimization of LORA and spares inventory with fuzzy parameters. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management (IEEM) (pp. 1640–1645).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yarali, A., Ffahman, S. (2008). WiMAX broadband wireless access technology: Services, architecture and deployment models. In Proceedings of Canadian conference electrical and computer engineering (CCECE) (pp. 000077–000082).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yassein, M. B., Mardini, W., & Khalil, A. (2016). Smart homes automation using Z-wave protocol. In Proceedings of international conference on engineering MIS (ICEMIS) (pp. 1–6).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Q., Cheng, L., & Boutaba, R. (2010). Cloud computing: State-of-the- art and research challenges. Journal of Internet Services Applications, 1(1), 7–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, L., Meng, X., & Liu, F. (2016). Resonant frequency measurement of quartz crystal based on DDS and real-time peak searching. In Proceedings of 6th international conference on instrument measurements computer communication control (IMCCC) (pp. 513–516).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Amina Begum .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Krishnamoorthy, R., Bikku, T., Priyalakshmi, V., Amina Begum, M., Arun, S. (2021). A Concept of Internet of Robotic Things for Smart Automation. In: Singh, K.K., Nayyar, A., Tanwar, S., Abouhawwash, M. (eds) Emergence of Cyber Physical System and IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66222-6_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics