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Sandstone Geomorphology: Cerro Colorado, Sierras Pampeanas, Córdoba, Argentina

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Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina

Abstract

The Cerro Colorado Cultural and Natural Reserve, Córdoba, Argentina, is well known for its impressive rock paintings on sandstone formations. While previous research in the area has focused mainly on archaeological sites, this study describes the surface geology and focuses on the diversity and possible origins of the regional sandstone landforms. This work aims to characterize the geomorphology of Cerro Colorado, to document the variety of sandstone morphologies and to understand their possible processes within a global context. Multi-Error-Removed Improved-Terrain digital elevation models (DEM) with a 30-m spatial resolution were used as a primary data source for obtaining a geomorphological map of the study area. Features were digitally drawn into a geographical information system (GIS) by analyzing satellite images and shaded images derived from DEMs using ARC GIS and SAGA software. During fieldwork, we photographed and measured the landforms and took GPS measurements. The landforms are probably a product of surface lithological reactions linked to weathering and erosion processes caused by regional climate changes throughout the geological past. The cavernous landforms contain native rock paintings, which make them unique in the region. The conservation of archaeological sites requires geomorphological knowledge in order to prevent degradation and loss of cultural and natural heritage.

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Acknowledgments

This manuscript is a contribution to the project funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, GRFT 2017-09. We want to thank Dr. Oscar Martínez, Dr. Pablo Bouza and Dr. Jorge Rabassa for his comments and suggestiones that have greatly improved this manuscript. Also we would like to thank the park ranger Francisco Lobo, Dr. Sebastián Pastor and the geologist Héctor Biurrum for their help during field work.

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Boretto, G.M., Cioccale, M., Carignano, C., Gordillo, S., Recalde, A., Tissera, L. (2021). Sandstone Geomorphology: Cerro Colorado, Sierras Pampeanas, Córdoba, Argentina. In: Bouza, P., Rabassa, J., Bilmes, A. (eds) Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66161-8_2

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