Skip to main content

The Role of Wi-Fi Positioning Systems in Safety Against COVID-19

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism in the COVID-19 Era

Abstract

Internet of things (IoT) has brought attention in the field of Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS). The advancement of technology with the rise of new smart devices has triggered those technologies to flourish in the last few years. The Received Signal Strength Identificator (RSSI) measurements can be utilized in a business environment where multiple access points (APs) are installed in order to provide Location Based Marketing and indoor navigation services. Such places include shopping malls, train stations, airports, stadiums and many more. The rise of COVID-19 has brought many changes in consumers’ life such as the mandatory use of face masks for indoor environments and keeping a distance of 2 m at least from each other. IPS have assisted end-users of Location Based Services (LBS) with alerts and with the automation of contact tracing in case of infection since the recent pandemic. We have utilized a Wi-Fi Positioning System (WPS) dataset from Waldo Library of Western Michigan University and implemented statistical analysis to find ways to increase the accuracy of WPS in order to assess its suitability for indoor location-based services and protection against Covid-19. The results displayed an 81.5% improvement on the accuracy of the WPS. Since WPS can provide 1–5 m accuracy depending on the environmental conditions these results reveal the appropriateness of these techniques for developing safe distance indoor systems that will support both business and safety services and provide safety for population in indoor environments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Liu Y, Yang Z, Wang X, Jian L (2010) Location, localization, and localizability. J Comput Sci Technol 25(2):274–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-010-9324-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu H et al (2012) Push the limit of WiFi based localization for smartphones, pp 305–316

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bi W et al (2018) Signal tracking using commodity WiFi, In 4th international conference on big data computing and communications. BIGCOM, pp 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/bigcom.2018.00007

  4. Peng C, Shen G, Zhang Y (2007) BeepBeep: a high accuracy acoustic ranging system using cots mobile devices. ACM Trans Embed Comput Syst 11(1):1–29 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1145/2146417.2146421

  5. Yin Z, Wu C, Yang Z, Liu Y (2017) Peer-to-peer indoor navigation using smartphones. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 35(5):1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2017.2680844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zandbergen PA (2009) Accuracy of iPhone locations: a comparison of assisted GPS, WiFi and cellular positioning. Trans GIS 13(suppl 1):5–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2009.01152.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Lim C, Kim J (2018) Efficient radiomap management for WLAN based positioning system. In 9th international conference on information and communication technology convergence, ICTC, pp 1324–1326. https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2018.8539370

  8. Mobile applications in support of contact tracing for COVID-19—a guidance for EU EEA Member States. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/covid-19-mobile-applications-support-contact-tracing

  9. Xie X, Xu H, Yang G, Mao Z-H, Jia W, Sun M (2016) Reuse of WiFi information for indoor monitoring of the elderly. In 17th IEEE international conference on information reuse and integration. IRI, pp 261–264. https://doi.org/10.1109/iri.2016.41

  10. Li Z, Yang Y, Pahlavan K (2016) Using iBeacon for newborns localization in hospitals. In 10th international symposium on medical information and communication technology (ISMICT), pp 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ismict.2016.7498906

  11. Zheng X, Jiang T (2016) A novel cloud based hospital health care service network framework with delay sensitive handoff guarantee. In 13th international conference on service systems and service management, ICSSSM. https://doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2016.7538580

  12. Kim J-E, Bessho M, Kobayashi S, Koshizuka N, Sakamura K (2016) Navigating visually impaired travelers in a large train station using smartphone and bluetooth low energy, pp 604–611. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851613.2851716

  13. Zhang M, Wang J, Deng X (2017) Cost-efficient cooperative sharing of a complete Wi-Fi signature scheme for indoor localization in shopping malls. In 13th IEEE international conference on E-business engineering, pp 196–201. https://doi.org/10.1109/icebe.2016.041

  14. Wåhslén J, Lindh T (2017) Real-time performance management of assisted living services for bluetooth low energy sensor communication. In 15th IFIP/IEEE international symposium on integrated network and service management, pp 1143–1148. https://doi.org/10.23919/inm.2017.7987452

  15. Singh R, Sharma TP (2015) A location-based method for restricting the flooding DoS effect in WLANs. J Locat Based Serv 9(4):273–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2015.1119318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. W. Bronzi, S. Faye, R. Frank, and T. Engel (2017) Characterizing driving environments through Bluetooth discovery. In 8th international conference on information and communication technology convergence, Dec 2017, pp 501–506. https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2017.8191028

  17. Carboni D, Manchinu A, Marotto V, Piras A, Serra A (2015) Infrastructure-free indoor navigation: a case study. J Locat Based Serv 9(1):33–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2015.1027751

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ge F, Shen Y (2018) Realtime indoor localization on smartphones by multi-grained grid-based filters. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647773

  19. Bradley C, El-Tawab S, Heydari MH (2018) Security analysis of an IoT system used for indoor localization in healthcare facilities. In Systems and information engineering design symposium, pp 147–152. https://doi.org/10.1109/sieds.2018.8374726

  20. Campana F, Pinargote A, Dominguez F, Pelaez E (2018) Towards an indoor navigation system using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons. In 2nd IEEE ecuador technical chapters meeting, Jan 2017, pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/etcm.2017.8247464

  21. Yang G (2017) Research on fusion method for indoor positioning system based on sensors and WLAN technology. In 2nd IEEE advanced information technology, electronic and automation control conference, pp 2689–2692. https://doi.org/10.1109/iaeac.2017.8054514

  22. Tóth Z, Tamás J (2016) Miskolc IIS hybrid IPS: dataset for hybrid indoor positioning. In 26th international conference radioelektronika, pp 408–412. https://doi.org/10.1109/radioelek.2016.7477348

  23. Al Qathrady M, Helmy A (2017) Improving BLE distance estimation and classification using TX power and machine learning, pp 79–83. https://doi.org/10.1145/3127540.3127577

  24. Ford M, Palmer W (2019) Alexa, are you listening to me? An analysis of Alexa voice service network traffic. Personal and ubiquitous computing 23(1):67–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-018-1174-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tamas J, Toth Z (2018) Classification-based symbolic indoor positioning over the Miskolc IIS Data-set. J Locat Based Serv 12(1):2–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2018.1455992

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zeinalipour-Yazti D, Laoudias C, Georgiou K, Chatzimilioudis G (2017) Internet-based indoor navigation services. IEEE Internet Comput 21(4):54–63. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIC.2017.2911420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Stergiou C, Psannis KE, Kim BG, Gupta B (2018) Secure integration of IoT and cloud computing. Future Gener Comput Syst 78:964–975

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund- ESF) through the Operational Programme “Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning” in the context of the project “Strengthening Human Resources Research Potential via Doctorate Research” (MIS-5000432), implemented by the State Scholarships Foundation (ΙΚΥ).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Theodoros Oikonomidis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Oikonomidis, T., Fouskas, K., Vlachopoulou, M. (2021). The Role of Wi-Fi Positioning Systems in Safety Against COVID-19. In: Kavoura, A., Havlovic, S.J., Totskaya, N. (eds) Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism in the COVID-19 Era. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66154-0_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics