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Insights into the Molecular Basis of Genome Stability and Pristine Proteostasis in Naked Mole-Rats

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The Extraordinary Biology of the Naked Mole-Rat

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1319))

Abstract

The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is the longest-lived rodent, with a maximal reported lifespan of 37 years. In addition to its long lifespan – which is much greater than predicted based on its small body size (longevity quotient of ~4.2) – naked mole-rats are also remarkably healthy well into old age. This is reflected in a striking resistance to tumorigenesis and minimal declines in cardiovascular, neurological and reproductive function in older animals. Over the past two decades, researchers have been investigating the molecular mechanisms regulating the extended life- and health- span of this animal, and since the sequencing and assembly of the naked mole-rat genome in 2011, progress has been rapid. Here, we summarize findings from published studies exploring the unique molecular biology of the naked mole-rat, with a focus on mechanisms and pathways contributing to genome stability and maintenance of proteostasis during aging. We also present new data from our laboratory relevant to the topic and discuss our findings in the context of the published literature.

figure a

Photo Credit: Ben Passarelli

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Predicted maximal longevity in years was based on the allometric equation of de Magalhaes et al. (2007): tmax = 4.88 M0.153 where M is the mass in grams.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge Calico Life Sciences LLC for funding this work. We also thank David Botstein, Yao Wong, Ewan St. John Smith and Thomas Park for their constructive critique of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Calico Life Sciences, LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA

    Vikram Narayan, Mary McMahon, Jonathon J. O’Brien, Fiona McAllister & Rochelle Buffenstein

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Rochelle Buffenstein

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  1. Vikram Narayan
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  2. Mary McMahon
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  3. Jonathon J. O’Brien
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  1. Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA

    Rochelle Buffenstein

  2. Laboratory of Integrative NeuroscienceDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Park

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada

    Melissa M. Holmes

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Narayan, V., McMahon, M., O’Brien, J.J., McAllister, F., Buffenstein, R. (2021). Insights into the Molecular Basis of Genome Stability and Pristine Proteostasis in Naked Mole-Rats. In: Buffenstein, R., Park, T.J., Holmes, M.M. (eds) The Extraordinary Biology of the Naked Mole-Rat. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1319. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_11

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