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Sleepiness

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Sleep Disorders

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Abstract

All people experience sleepiness each day, but when it occurs in excess, sleepiness can be disabling. Excessive daytime sleepiness (or hypersomnolence) interferes with function and may be indicative of an underlying medical, psychiatric, substance use, or sleep disorder. Given how it impairs activities during wakefulness and endangers people during certain activities (e.g., operating a motor vehicle), excessive daytime sleepiness should be aggressively evaluated and treated by a qualified healthcare provider. Insufficient sleep and sedating medications are two of the most common causes of excessive daytime sleepiness in the general population. Sleep disorders known to cause excessive daytime sleepiness include (but are not limited to) obstructive sleep apnea, sleep-related hypoventilation, narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, restless legs syndrome, and circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders. This chapter presents three cases of excessive daytime sleepiness, including the differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of each patient along with an evidence-based discussion of the final diagnosis.

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Case 1: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Michael S. Aldrich Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Alok Sachdeva

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  1. Alok Sachdeva
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Ashima S. Sahni

  2. Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA

    Ajay Sampat

  3. Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg, School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Hrayr Attarian

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Sachdeva, A. (2021). Sleepiness. In: Sahni, A.S., Sampat, A., Attarian, H. (eds) Sleep Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65302-6_1

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