Abstract
Although smart textile materials have significant importance because of their advanced technology, they haven’t replaced the conventional electronics completely. Nevertheless, these smart textile materials are now developed into the fabrication of in-situ structural health monitoring systems for structures and wearable technologies. The objective of this study was to develop a flexible microscale conductive fiber for in-situ strain monitoring applications by depositing uniform coating film of silver (Ag) nanoparticles on the surface each filament of nylon yarn by electroless plating process without jeopardizing the integrity of each material. The sensitivity of this Nylon/Ag conductive fiber was calculated experimentally, and the gauge factor (GF) was found to be in the range of 21–25 which showed a high sensitivity of the conductive fiber to the applied strain. Then, Nylon/Ag conductive fiber was fractured under tensile loading and a good agreement between the electromechanical response of the conductive fiber was found with repeatability of the results. Then, this Nylon/Ag conductive fiber was inserted in composite specimens at four different directions i.e. 0°, +45°, and 90° respectively in each ply and specimen was machined in a star shape in which each leg represented the direction of the individual position of the Nylon/Ag conductive fiber. The composite star specimen was then subjected to tensile cyclic loading and results showed excellent reproducibility in the mechanical behavior of composite specimens and electrical signals of each conductive fiber although, the conductive fiber in each position showed distinct response because of their respective direction. The increase or decrease in the resistance of the fiber sensor signified the presence of tensile or compressive strain respectively and the intensity of the signal quantified the amount of deformation. The results demonstrated the way to design a cost-effective microscale smart textile for strain monitoring. This Nylon/Ag conductive fiber can then be used in in-situ structural health monitoring even in high strain applications because of their good sensitivity, flexibility, and stability.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Tarfaoui, M., Nachtane, M., El Moumen, A.: Energy dissipation of stitched and unstitched woven composite materials during dynamic compression test. Compos. Part B Eng. 167, 487–496 (2019)
Pang, J.W.C., Bond, I.P.: A hollow fibre reinforced polymer composite encompassing self-healing and enhanced damage visibility. Compos. Sci. Technol. 65, 1791–1799 (2005)
Ihn, J.-B., Chang, F.-K.: Pitch-catch active sensing methods in structural health monitoring for aircraft structures. Struct. Heal. Monit. 7, 5–9 (2008)
Loayssa, A.: Optical fiber sensors for structural health monitoring. In: Mukhopadhyay, S.C. (ed.) New Developments in Sensing Technology for Structural Health Monitoring, pp. 335–358. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21099-0_14
Raghavan, A.C., Cesnik, C.: Review of guided-wave structural health monitoring. Shock Vib. Dig. 39, 91–114 (2007)
Sassi, S., Tarfaoui, M., Yahia., H.B.: In-situ heat dissipation monitoring in adhesively bonded composite joints under dynamic compression loading using SHPB. Compos. Part B Eng. 54, 64–76 (2018)
Tarfaoui, M., Moumen, A.E. Yahia., H.B.: Damage detection versus heat dissipation in E-Glass/Epoxy laminated composites under dynamic compression at high strain rate. Compos. Struct. 186, 50–61 (2018)
Azhari, F., Banthia, N.: Cement-based sensors with carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes for piezoresistive sensing. Cem. Concr. Compos. 34, 866–873 (2012)
Trifigny, N., et al.: PEDOT: PSS-based piezo-resistive sensors applied to reinforcement glass fibres for in situ measurement during the composite material weaving process. Sensors 13, 10749–10764 (2013)
Atalay, O., Kennon, W.R.: Knitted strain sensors: impact of design parameters on sensing properties. Sensors (2014)
Seyedin, S., et al.: Knitted strain sensor textiles of highly conductive all-polymeric fibers. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 21150–21158 (2015)
Jerkovic, I., Koncar, V., Grancaric, A.: New textile sensors for in situ structural health monitoring of textile reinforced thermoplastic composites based on the conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) polymer complex. Sensors 17 (2017)
Nauman, S., Cristian, I., Boussu, F., Koncar, V.: Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications. Part V Piezoresistive, Wireless, and Electrical Sensors (2013). Iniewski, K. (ed.)
Cai, G., et al.: Flexible and wearable strain sensing fabrics. Chem. Eng. J. 325, 396–403 (2017)
Nag-Chowdhury, S., et al.: Crossed investigation of damage in composites with embedded quantum resistive strain sensors (sQRS), acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC). Compos. Sci. Technol. 160, 79–85 (2018)
Alamusi, et al.: Piezoresistive strain sensors made from carbon nanotubes based polymer nanocomposites. Sensors 11, 10691–10723 (2011)
Wang, G., et al.: Structure dependent properties of carbon nanomaterials enabled fiber sensors for in situ monitoring of composites. Compos. Struct. 195, 36–44 (2018)
Barnard, A.S.: Modelling of the reactivity and stability of carbon nanotubes under environmentally relevant conditions. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14 (2012)
Murray, A.R., et al.: Oxidative stress and inflammatory response in dermal toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicology 257, 161–171 (2009)
Kim, K.-S., et al.: Revisiting the thickness reduction approach for near-foldable capacitive touch sensors based on a single layer of Ag nanowire-polymer composite structure. Compos. Sci. Technol. 165, 58–65 (2018)
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K.: Development of microscale flexible nylon/Ag strain sensor wire for real-time monitoring and damage detection in composite structures subjected to three-point bend test. Compos. Sci. Technol. 181, 107693 (2019)
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K.: Real-time strain monitoring performance of flexible Nylon/Ag conductive fiber. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 295, 612–622 (2019)
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K.: Real-time strain monitoring and damage detection of composites in different directions of the applied load using a microscale flexible Nylon/Ag strain sensor. Struct. Heal. Monit. 19, 885–901 (2019)
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K.: Nanotechnology and development of strain sensor for damage detection. In: Advances in Structural Health Monitoring. InTech Open (2019)
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K.: In-situ monitoring, identification and quantification of strain deformation in composites under cyclic flexural loading using Nylon/Ag fiber sensor. IEEE Sens. J. 20, 1 (2020)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Qureshi, Y., Tarfaoui, M., Lafdi, K.K., Lafdi, K. (2021). In-situ Strain Monitoring Performance of Flexible Nylon/Ag Conductive Fiber in Composites Subjected to Cyclic Tensile Loading. In: Rizzo, P., Milazzo, A. (eds) European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring. EWSHM 2020. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 127. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64594-6_69
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64594-6_69
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-64593-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-64594-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)