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Hybrid Breeding in Food Legumes with Special Reference to Pigeonpea, Faba bean, and Soybean

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Genetic Enhancement in Major Food Legumes

Abstract

Protein-rich food legumes are usually cultivated as rain-dependent crops under subsistence agriculture. Besides this, most farmers are deprived of improved seeds due to lack of interest in both public and private seed industries. These factors lead to unacceptably poor yields at the farm level. In a number of field crops, the cultivation of hybrids has resulted in quantum jump in their productivity, but by contrast in legumes, only inbred cultivars are in cultivation with poor harvests. In the last few decades, breeders are attempting to develop hybrid breeding technology in two legumes, faba bean and pigeonpea, where natural out-crossing is sufficient to support their large-scale hybrid seed production. Besides these, attempts are also being made to develop a hybrid technology in soybean, where male sterility systems have been bred, and attempts are being made to enhance the level of cross-pollination to facilitate the production of cross-pollinated seed. Of the three crops, the success has been achieved only in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] where three commercial hybrids have been bred. In farmers’ fields, these hybrids produce 30–50% more yield over the local control. This review deals with breeders’ efforts towards developing hybrid technology in the three legume crops along with the major accomplishments in hybrid pigeonpea breeding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India

    Kul Bhushan Saxena, Rachit K. Saxena & Rajeev K. Varshney

  2. Shriram Agriculture Research Center, Shriram Chemicals and Fertilizers (An Unit of DCM Shriram)), Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Vijay Dalvi

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  1. Kul Bhushan Saxena
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  2. Vijay Dalvi
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  3. Rachit K. Saxena
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  4. Rajeev K. Varshney
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pigeonpea Breeding, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India

    Kul Bhushan Saxena

  2. Research Program- Genetic Gains, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India

    Rachit K. Saxena

  3. Research Program- Genetic Gains, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India

    Rajeev K. Varshney

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Saxena, K.B., Dalvi, V., Saxena, R.K., Varshney, R.K. (2021). Hybrid Breeding in Food Legumes with Special Reference to Pigeonpea, Faba bean, and Soybean. In: Saxena, K.B., Saxena, R.K., Varshney, R.K. (eds) Genetic Enhancement in Major Food Legumes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64500-7_5

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