Abstract
The photoelectrons are emitted into the vacuum with the information on energy, momentum (wave vector) as well as spin. The counting rate in angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy is orders of magnitude higher than that in angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). However, momentum information is smeared out or averaged in the angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy. Then the information on density of states (DOS) of valence bands can be relatively easily obtained. By use of the constant initial state spectroscopy (CIS) and resonance photoelectron spectroscopy (RPES) one can even evaluate the contribution of a particular orbital buried in the valence bands. A lot of angle-integrated experiments were so far performed on various intriguing phenomena in many materials. Some typical results on valence bands are given in Sect. 5.1. Then studies of core level spectra with satellite structures and/or well- and poorly-screened peaks are introduced in Sect. 5.2. Finally multiplet structures prominent in materials with incomplete outer shell due to the Coulomb and exchange interactions are briefly discussed in Sect. 5.3. Some theoretical treatments are also briefly introduced time to time.
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Suga, S., Sekiyama, A., Tusche, C. (2021). Examples of Angle-Integrated Photoelectron Spectroscopy. In: Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Springer Series in Surface Sciences, vol 72. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64073-6_5
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