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Temporal and Seasonal Variation in Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) in Sanitary Landfill Sites: A Case Study of Baidyabati Landfill, West Bengal, India

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Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants

Part of the book series: Environmental Challenges and Solutions ((ECAS))

Abstract

Landfill leachate poses a massive threat to the environment as well as human beings. Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) is a new tool to quantify the contamination potential of leachate. LPI constitutes three parts, termed as LPIorganic, LPIinorganic, and LPIheavy metals. The organic component of LPI constitutes biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenols, and total coliforms (Tc). All of them are susceptible to seasonal and temporal variations. The present study aims to characterize the difference of LPIor in different seasons and hence observes the temporal variations among them. Leachate samples were collected before and after primary treatment (aeration) from the sanitary landfill site at Baidyabati, Hoogly, West Bengal in three seasons: monsoon, winter, and summer. LPIor index was calculated based on the Delphi technique. Results showed that LPI for both raw as well as treated leachate follows the order LPISummer > LPIWinter > LPIMonsoon. The LPI varied from 32.4 to 39.2 for sanitary landfill leachate and 31.4 to 32.6 for aerated leachate. LPI decreased after primary treatment in each season (3.1%, 13.6%, and 17.0% in monsoon, winter, and summer, respectively). A steep rise of 16.4% in the LPI for leachate from monsoon to winter was observed, whereas, after primary treatment, it was only 3.8%. From winter to summer, the rise was observed to be 4.1% in raw, whereas after treatment, LPI in both seasons was the same. Overall there is an increment of 21.2% in LPI from monsoon to summer, whereas after primary treatment, the difference of LPI was found to be only 3.8%. Overall the study concludes that the leachate sample showed season-wise variation, and therefore suitable strategy should be followed for their treatment as per requirement. It was also observed that primary treatment alone is not sufficient, and hence some other suitable technology, either microbial or physicochemical, is required to reduce the LPI to an acceptable level before it could be released into the environment.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India under grant no. BT/PR2730S/BCE/8/1432/2018. The guidance and support of Director, CSIR-NEERI is highly appreciated. We also thank our associates Ms Anoushka and Ms Prateeti for their support in sampling. The KRC (Knowledge Resource Center of CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute) number for the manuscript is CSIR-NEERI/KRC/2020/JUNE/KZC/1.

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  1. CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, India

    Rachna Jain, Dipanjali Majumdar & Rita Mondal

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  1. Rachna Jain
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  1. PG Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Partha Pratim Adhikary

  3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Debashish Sengupta

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Jain, R., Majumdar, D., Mondal, R. (2021). Temporal and Seasonal Variation in Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) in Sanitary Landfill Sites: A Case Study of Baidyabati Landfill, West Bengal, India. In: Shit, P.K., Adhikary, P.P., Sengupta, D. (eds) Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants. Environmental Challenges and Solutions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63422-3_3

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