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Source Characterisation and Contamination

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Chiral Environmental Pollutants

Abstract

Nowadays, the environment is being continuously contaminated by different pollutants, including many organic pollutants that are chiral. It is well known that several toxic pollutants enter into the human body via the food chain. Well-known toxic chiral contaminants include pesticides, plasticisers phenols, biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some drugs. It is interesting to mention that, nowadays, the drugs present in the environment are considered as the new emerging pollutants (Xing et al. 2011). Therefore, in spite of curing properties, the chiral drugs are considered as pollutants if present in the environment. Often, this is due to the fact that one of the enantiomers exhibits toxic properties. For example, in the case of thalidomide the (-)-enantiomer is known to be teratogenic (Schmahl et al. 1988; Eriksson et al. 1998). Additionally, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH)—an achiral pesticide—degrades in chiral and toxic γ-pentachlorocyclohexene (γ-PCCH) enantiomers (Klobes et al. 1998; Moisey et al. 2001; Yang et al. 2010). This chapter deals with the source characterisation and contamination of chiral pollutants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology and Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), ÅS, Norway

    Roland Kallenborn

  2. Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Heinrich Hühnerfuss

  3. Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

    Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein

  4. Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Imran Ali

  5. Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India

    Imran Ali

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  1. Roland Kallenborn
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  3. Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
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  4. Imran Ali
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Kallenborn, R., Hühnerfuss, H., Aboul-Enein, H.Y., Ali, I. (2021). Source Characterisation and Contamination. In: Chiral Environmental Pollutants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62456-9_9

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