Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Predictive Biomechanical Study on the Human Cervical Spine Under Complex Physiological Loading

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
17th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME 2019)

Part of the book series: IFMBE Proceedings ((IFMBE,volume 79))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 223 Accesses

Abstract

This study aims to predict the range of motion (ROM) with secondary parameters such as the intra-disc pressure (IDP) and facet force under complex physiological loading for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) and degeneration occurring at various functional spine units (FSU) in a human cervical spine, using machine learning models. Multi-target regression is a machine learning (ML) algorithm that outputs an array of values for a given set of input parameters. An anatomically accurate and validated finite element model (FEM) of a human sub-axial spinal column (C2-T1) was used in this study. Material properties for all spine components were taken from literature. An algorithm programmed using Python was interfaced with ABAQUS to automate the calculation of ROM, IDP and facet force generated from the nodal and elemental data of an intact model, a model with ACDF at the C5-C6 level and a model with mild degeneration at C5-C6 separately. The data generated from the FEA results were trained with random forest regression, support vector machines and multiple linear regression algorithms. The results indicated that the R2 value was significantly high for the random forest regression model, accounting for a very less Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and was able to predict more than one target variable unlike the rest. Conclusively, the target variables were predicted under complex loading conditions for clinical conditions of fusion and degeneration with high accuracy and less computational cost.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Panjabi, M.M., Cholewicki, J., Nibu, K., et al.: Criticial load of the human cervical spine: an in vitro experimental study. Clin. Biomech. 13, 11–17 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Yoganandan, N., Kumaresan, S., Pintar, F.A.: ‘Biomechanics of the cervical spine. Part 2. Cervical spine soft tissue responses and biomechanical modeling.’ Clin. Biomech. 16(1), 1–27 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Merali Zamir, G. et al.: Using a machine learning approach to predict outcome after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy. PloS one 14(4), e0215133 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215133

  4. Gandhi, A., Grosland, N., Kallemeyn, N., Kode, S., Fredericks, D., Smucker, J.: Biomechanical analysis of the cervical spine following disc degeneration, disc fusion, and disc replacement: a finite element study. Int. J. Spine Surgery 13, 6066. https://doi.org/10.14444/6066

  5. Assietti, R., Beretta, F., Arienta, C.: Two-level anterior cervical discectomy and cageassisted fusion without plates. Neurosurg. Focus 12(1), 3 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kumaresan, S., Yoganandan, N., Pintar, F.A., Maiman, D.J., Kuppa, S.: Biomechanical study of pediatric human cervical spine: a finite element approach. J. Biomech. Eng. 122(1), 60–71

    Google Scholar 

  7. Reilly, D.T., Burstein, A.H.: The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue. J Biomech 8(6), 393–405 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kopperdahl, D.L., Keaveny, T.M.: Yield strain behavior of trabecular bone. J. Biomech. 31(7), 601–8

    Google Scholar 

  9. Yoganandan, N., Pintar, F.A., Stemper, B.D., Baisden, J.L., Aktay, R., Shender, B.S., Paskoff, G., Laud, P.: Trabecular bone density of male human cervical and lumbar vertebrae. Bone. 39(2), 336–44 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Toosizadeh, N., Haghpanahi, M.: Generating a finite element model of the cervical spine: Estimating muscle forces and internal loads. Scientia Iranica. 18, 1237–1245 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scient.2011.10.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Panzer, M.B., Cronin, D.S.: C4–C5 segment finite element model development, validation, and load-sharing investigation. J. Biomech. 42, 480–490 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yamada, H.: Strength of Biological Materials. Williams and Wilkins (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mattucci, S.F.E., Moulton, J.A., Chandrashekar, N., Cronin, D.S.: Strain rate dependent properties of younger human cervical spine ligaments. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 10, 216–226 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Yoganandan, N., Kumaresan, S., Pintar, F.A.: Geometric and mechanical properties of human cervical spine ligaments. J. Biomech. Eng. 122, 623 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Tetreault, L., Palubiski, L.M., Kryshtalskyj, M., Idler, R.K., Martin, A.R., Ganau, M., et al.: Significant predictors of outcome following surgery for the treatment of degenerative cervical Myelopathy: a systematic review of the literature. Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 29(115–27), e35 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nec.2017.09.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Choi, H., Purushothaman, Y., Baisden, J., Yoganandan, N.: Unique biomechanical signatures of Bryan, Prodisc C, and Prestige LP cervical disc replacements: a finite element modelling study. Eur. Spine J. (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wheeldon, J.A., Pintar, F.A., Knowles, S., Yoganandan, N.: Experimental flexion/extension data corridors for validation of finite element models of the young, normal cervical spine. J. Biomech. 39(2), 375–380 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Bell, K.M., Debski, R.E., Sowa, G.A., Kang, J.D., Tashman, S.: (2019) Optimization of compressive loading parameters to mimic in vivo cervical spine kinematics in vitro. J. Biomech. 18(87), 107–113 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Patel, V.V., Wuthrich, Z.R., McGilvray, K.C., Lafeur, M.C., Lindley, E.M., Sun, D., Puttlitz, C.M.: Cervical facet force analysis after disc replacement versus fusion. Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon) 44, 52–58 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Sun G., Li, S., Cao, Y., Lang, F.: Cervical Cancer diagnosis based on random forest. Int. J. Perform. Eng. 13, 446–457. https://doi.org/10.23940/ijpe.17.04.p12.446457.

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Dassault Systemes Foundation, India; The Department of Neurosurgery ,Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai Campus, India

    S. Dilip Kumar, D. Davidson Jebaseelan & Lenin Babu

  2. School of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai Campus, India

    R. Shruthi

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    R. Deepak & Narayan Yoganandan

Authors
  1. S. Dilip Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Shruthi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. Deepak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. D. Davidson Jebaseelan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lenin Babu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Narayan Yoganandan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Dilip Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. T-Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Chwee Teck Lim

  2. National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Hwa Liang Leo

  3. Evolution Innovation Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Raye Yeow

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Dilip Kumar, S., Shruthi, R., Deepak, R., Davidson Jebaseelan, D., Babu, L., Yoganandan, N. (2021). Predictive Biomechanical Study on the Human Cervical Spine Under Complex Physiological Loading. In: Lim, C.T., Leo, H.L., Yeow, R. (eds) 17th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering. ICBME 2019. IFMBE Proceedings, vol 79. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62045-5_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62045-5_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-62044-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-62045-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation