Abstract
Psychological experiments have shown that humans do not reason according to classical logic. Therefore, we might argue that logic-based approaches in general are not suitable for modeling human reasoning. Yet, we take a different view and are convinced that logic can help us as an underlying formalization of a cognitive theory, but claim rather that classical logic is not adequate for this purpose. In this chapter we investigate abduction and its link to human reasoning. In particular we discuss three different variations we have explored and show how they can be adequately modeled within a novel computational and integrated, cognitive theory, the Weak Completion Semantics.
The authors are mentioned in alphabetical order.
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Notes
- 1.
One should observe that under completion as defined in [4], \( essay \leftrightarrow \bot \) would be an element of this set. The Weak Completion Semantics however does not map undefined relations to false but rather considers them unknown.
- 2.
In the sequel, all models are computed with respect to three-valued Łukasiewicz logic where not explicitly mentioned otherwise.
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Acknowledgements
Luís Moniz Pereira acknowledges support from FCT/MEC NOVA LINCS PEst UID/CEC/04516/2019.
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Dietz Saldanha, EA., Hölldobler, S., Pereira, L.M. (2021). Our Themes on Abduction in Human Reasoning: A Synopsis. In: Shook, J.R., Paavola, S. (eds) Abduction in Cognition and Action. Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, vol 59. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61773-8_14
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