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Phase Coherence Between Cardiovascular Oscillations in Malaria: The Basis for a Possible Diagnostic Test

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Physics of Biological Oscillators

Part of the book series: Understanding Complex Systems ((UCS))

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Abstract

We show how a non-autonomous dynamics approach using time-resolved analyses of power spectra and phase coherence can help in the noninvasive diagnosis of malaria. The work is based on studying oscillations in blood flow and the variability of the heart and respiratory frequencies. The model used assumes that the heart and respiration are two oscillatory pumps with variable frequencies and that the vascular resistance also changes in an oscillatory manner. Red blood cells circulating through the system deliver oxygen to each cell. Malaria changes the red blood cells so that this delivery is compromised. The oscillatory properties of both pumps are also affected. We quantify the latter and compare three groups of subjects: febrile malaria patients (37); non-febrile malaria patients (10); and healthy controls (51). For each subject, time series of skin blood flow, respiratory effort, cardiac activity (ECG) and skin temperature were recorded simultaneously over an interval of 30 minutes. The oscillatory components within the range 0.005–2 Hz were analysed and their degree of coordination throughout the cardiovascular system was assessed by wavelet phase coherence analysis. It is shown that malaria, either febrile or non-febrile, substantially reduces the coordination.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the participants who generously volunteered to be measured in this project. The work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) Grant No. EP/M006298/1, the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (Nigeria), the Petroleum Technology Development Fund (Nigeria) under Grant No. PTDF/ED/OSS/PHD/1120/17, and the Joy Welch Educational Charitable Trust (UK).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK

    Yunus A. Abdulhameed, Peter V. E. McClintock & Aneta Stefanovska

  2. Now at Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA

    Yunus A. Abdulhameed

  3. Department of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

    Abdulrazaq G. Habib

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  1. Yunus A. Abdulhameed
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  2. Abdulrazaq G. Habib
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  3. Peter V. E. McClintock
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  4. Aneta Stefanovska
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Correspondence to Aneta Stefanovska .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK

    Aneta Stefanovska

  2. Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK

    Peter V. E. McClintock

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Abdulhameed, Y.A., Habib, A.G., McClintock, P.V.E., Stefanovska, A. (2021). Phase Coherence Between Cardiovascular Oscillations in Malaria: The Basis for a Possible Diagnostic Test. In: Stefanovska, A., McClintock, P.V.E. (eds) Physics of Biological Oscillators. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59805-1_26

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