Abstract
Stowage planning is at the essence of a maritime supply chain, especially for short sea Ro-Ro ships. This paper studies stowage optimisation of Ro-Ro ships with a focus on stability constraints and the applicability of models. The paper contributes to short sea Ro-Ro ship stowage in two ways. First, we propose an integrated approach of designing stowage models with the consideration of loading computers. Second, we present a mathematical formulation of the Ro-Ro Ship Stowage Problem with Ballast Water with a discretisation method, to generate an optimal stowage plan which meets stability requirements by means of the weight of cargoes instead of excess ballast water, i.e. excess fuel consumption. Computational tests based on empirical data indicate significant savings and potential of model application in the real world. Preliminary results show 57.69% ballast water reduction, equivalent to 6.7% fuel savings and CO2 reduction. Additional tests on instances with various cargo weight distribution and discretisation levels are conducted, and finally, improvements are suggested for further research considerations.
Supported by ECOPRODIGI.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Change history
22 September 2020
In the original version of this chapter Figure 1 was published incorrectly. Figure 1 has now been corrected.
References
European transport maps. https://www.europeantransportmaps.com/map/roro-ferry/operator
Azevedo, A.T., de Salles Neto, L.L., Chaves, A.A., Moretti, A.C.: Solving the 3D stowage planning problem integrated with the quay crane scheduling problem by representation by rules and genetic algorithm. Appl. Soft Comput. 65, 495–516 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2018.01.006
Eurostat: Maritime transport statistics - short sea shipping of goods. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Maritime_transport_statistics_-_short_sea_shipping_of_goods
Hansen, J.R., Fagerholt, K., Stålhane, M.: A shortest path heuristic for evaluating the quality of stowage plans in roll-on roll-off liner shipping. ICCL 2017. LNCS, vol. 10572, pp. 351–365. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68496-3_24
Hansen, J.R., Hukkelberg, I., Fagerholt, K., Stålhane, M., Rakke, J.G.: 2D-packing with an application to stowage in roll-on roll-off liner shipping. In: Paias, A., Ruthmair, M., Voß, S. (eds.) ICCL 2016. LNCS, vol. 9855, pp. 35–49. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44896-1_3
IMO: Greenhouse gas emissions. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/GHG-Emissions.aspx
Iris, Ç., Christensen, J., Pacino, D., Ropke, S.: Flexible ship loading problem with transfer vehicle assignment and scheduling. Transp. Rese. Part B: Methodol. 111, 113–134 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2018.03.009
Ji, M., Guo, W., Zhu, H., Yang, Y.: Optimization of loading sequence and rehandling strategy for multi-quay crane operations in container terminals. Transp. Res. Part E: Logist. Transp. Rev. 80, 1–19 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2015.05.004
Jia, B., Rytter, N.G.M., Reinhardt, L.B., Haulot, G., Billesø, M.B.: Estimating discharge time of cargo units – a case of Ro-Ro shipping. In: Paternina-Arboleda, C., Voß, S. (eds.) ICCL 2019. LNCS, vol. 11756, pp. 122–135. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31140-7_8
Jovanovic, R., Tanaka, S., Nishi, T., Voß, S.: A GRASP approach for solving the Blocks Relocation Problem with Stowage Plan. Flex. Serv. Manuf. J. 31(3), 702–729 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10696-018-9320-3
LIPASTO: Average emissions and energy use of a RORO and ROPAX ship in 2016. http://lipasto.vtt.fi/yksikkopaastot/tavaraliikennee/vesiliikennee/roroe.htm
Man Diesel & Turbo: Basic principles of ship propulsion. https://spain.mandieselturbo.com/docs/librariesprovider10/sistemas-propulsivos-marinos/basic-principles-of-ship-propulsion.pdf?sfvrsn=2
Øvstebø, B.O., Hvattum, L.M., Fagerholt, K.: Optimization of stowage plans for RORO ships. Comput. Oper. Res. 38(10), 1425–1434 (2011)
Puisa, R.: Optimal stowage on Ro-Ro decks for efficiency and safety. J. Marine Eng. Technol. 1–17 (2018)
Rhodes, M.A.: Ship Stability for Mates. Seamanship International Ltd., Glasgow (2003)
Searoutes: Immingham - vlaardingen distance. https://www.searoutes.com/routing/4294967447/4294973215
Ship and Bunker: Rotterdam bunker prices. https://shipandbunker.com/prices/emea/nwe/nl-rtm-rotterdam#MGO
Wärtsilä: Wärtsilä encyclopedia of marine technology: Curve of minimum operational metacentric height gm. https://www.wartsila.com/encyclopedia/term/curve-of-minimum-operational-metacentric-height-gm
World Maritime News: Dfds names its largest roro ship - offshore energy (2019). https://www.offshore-energy.biz/dfds-names-its-largest-roro-ship/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jia, B., Fagerholt, K., Reinhardt, L.B., Rytter, N.G.M. (2020). Stowage Planning with Optimal Ballast Water. In: Lalla-Ruiz, E., Mes, M., Voß, S. (eds) Computational Logistics. ICCL 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12433. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59747-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59747-4_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-59746-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-59747-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)