Abstract
The chapter connects theories of healthcare architecture research to the three pillars of Healthy Healthcare—staff health and wellbeing, professional practices, and quality of care. The chapter describes the approach of Evidence-Based Design (EBD) that recognises the impact of the built environment on the performance of the healthcare facility and the wellbeing of its users, and questions: How does architecture of healthcare buildings impact healthcare workers’ health and wellbeing, quality of care and professional practices? The chapter highlights how EBD shapes the context of organisational practices, reduces or increases stress, and facilitates or hampers good communication and teamwork in the work environment. In addition, the chapter describes the impact of EBD on patients’ health outcomes, hence connecting the quality of place to the quality of care. This is further described from the perspective of usability and how tools for simulation modelling can enhance the role of professionals in designing effective and efficient healthcare workplaces.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building. Oxford University Press.
Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., Silverstein, M., Jacobson, M., Fiksdahl-King, I., & Shlomo, A. (1977). A pattern language: Towns, buildings, construction. USA: Oxford University Press.
Alexander, K. (2008). Usability: Philosophy and concepts (p. 2). Phase: Usability of workplaces.
Barrett, L., & Yates, P. (2002). Oncology/haematology nurses: A study of job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave the specialty. Australian Health Review: A Publication of the Australian Hospital Association, 25(3), 109–121.
Best, M. F., & Thurston, N. E. (2006). Canadian public health nurses’ job satisfaction. Public Health Nursing, 23(3), 250–255.
Carayon, P., Wetterneck, T. B., Rivera-Rodriguez, A. J., Hundt, A. S., Hoonakker, P., Holden, R., & Gurses, A. P. (2014). Human factors systems approach to healthcare quality and patient safety. Applied Ergonomics, 45(1), 14–25.
Carthey, J. (2008). Reinterpreting the hospital corridor: «Wasted space” or essential for quality multidisciplinary clinical care? HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 2(1), 17–29.
Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C., & Gordon, L. U. (Eds.). (1997). Measuring stress: A guide for health and social scientists. Oxford University Press on Demand.
Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE). (2004). The role of hospital design in the recruitment, retention and performance of NHS Nurses in England. CABE: www.cabe.org.uk
Douglas, M. K., Meleis, A. I., Eribes, C., & Kim, S. (1996). The work of auxiliary nurses in Mexico: Stressors, satisfiers and coping strategies. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 33(5), 495–505.
Duffy, F. (1992). The changing workplace. Phaidon Press, University of Michigan.
Evans, G. W., & Cohen, S. (1987). Environmental stress. In D. Stokols and I. Altman, (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology.
Evans, G. W., & McCoy, J. M. (1998). When buildings don’t work: The role of architecture in human health. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18(1), 85–94.
Finch, E. (2010). Florence nightingale: pioneer of facility management. In W070-Special Track 18th CIB World Building Congress May 2010 Salford, United Kingdom (p. 132).
Fernando, O., Coburn, N. G., Nathens, A. B., Hallet, J., Ahmed, N., & Conn, L. G. (2016). Interprofessional communication between surgery trainees and nurses in the inpatient wards: Why time and space matter. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 30(5), 567–573.
Gibson, J. J. (1977). The theory of affordances. Hilldale, USA, 1(2).
Goffman, E. (1956). The presentation of self in everyday life (Monograph no. 2). Edinburgh, UK: University of Edinburgh Social Sciences Research Center.
Greeno, J. G. (1994). Gibson’s affordances. Psychological Review, 101(2), 336–342. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.101.2.336
Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension (Vol. 609). Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Hamilton, K. (2009). All designers use evidence. In B. Esser, K. Hamilton, B. Hansen, S. De Hoogh, J. Nauta, P. M. Schaap, M. Verweij & H. De Wijn (Eds.), All designers use evidence, Utrecht: Innovative platform architecture in health.
Hamilton, D. K., & Watkins, D. H. (2008). Evidence-based design for multiple building types. Wiley, New York.
Hamilton, D. K. (2017). Evidence, best practice, and intuition. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 10(4), 87–90.
Hignett, S., Carayon, P., Buckle, P., & Catchpole, K. (2013). State of science: Human factors and ergonomics in healthcare. Ergonomics, 56(10), 1491–1503.
Holliday, M. E., & Parker, D. L. (1997). Florence Nightingale, feminism and nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 26(3), 483–488.
Hurst, K. (2005). Relationships between patient dependency, nursing workload and quality. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42(1), 75–84.
Kalisch, B. J., Lee, H., & Rochman, M. (2010). Nursing staff teamwork and job satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(8), 938–947.
Kaushal, A., Zhao, Y., Peng, Q., Strome, T., Weldon, E., Zhang, M., & Chochinov, A. (2015). Evaluation of fast track strategies using agent-based simulation modeling to reduce waiting time in a hospital emergency department. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 50, 18–31.
Liu, W., Manias, E., & Gerdtz, M. (2014). The effects of physical environments in medical wards on medication communication processes affecting patient safety. Health & Place, 26, 188–198.
Løvseth L. T. & de Lange A. H. (2021). Evidence-based design for healthcare work environments. In L. Tevik Løvseth, & A. H. de Lange (Eds.), Integrating the organization of health services, worker wellbeing and quality of care (pp. 245–262). Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Lundin, S. (2015). Healing architecture: Evidence,intuition. Dialogue: Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
Lundin, S. (2019). A consciously applied design-driven dialogue can improve healing architecture. Paper presented at the Architecture Research Care & Health (ARCH19) Conference ‘Building for Better Health’, June 12–14, Trondheim, Norway.
Magnello, M. E. (2012). Victorian statistical graphics and the iconography of Florence Nightingale’s polar area graph. BSHM Bulletin: Journal of the British Society for the History of Mathematics, 27(1), 13–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/17498430.2012.618102
Marcheschi, E., Sigurjónsson, A., Ulrich, R.S., & Elf, M. (2019). The physical environment and its effect on health outcomes—A systematic review. Paper presented at the Architecture Research Care & Health (ARCH19) Conference ‘Building for Better Health’, June 12–14, Trondheim, Norway.
McCusker, J., Dendukuri, N., Cardinal, L., Laplante, J., & Bambonye, L. (2004). Nursing work environment and quality of care: differences between units at the same hospital. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance Incorporating Leadership in health services, 17(6), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.1108/09526860410557561.
Mejía, D. A., Favela, J., & Morán, A. L. (2009). Understanding and supporting lightweight communication in hospital work. IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 14(1), 140–146.
Metcalfe, C. (1978). Owed to nightingale—But what about the future? Nursing Times, 79, 1476.
Mielczarek, B., & Uziałko-Mydlikowska, J. (2010). Application of computer simulation modeling in the health care sector: A survey. Simulation, 88(2), 197–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549710387802
Nightingale, F. (1861). Notes on nursing. New York: Appleton and Company.
Nightingale, F. (1863). Notes on hospitals (3rd ed.). London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green.
Oandasan, I. F., Conn, L. G., Lingard, L., Karim, A., Jakubovicz, D., Whitehead, C., & Reeves, S. (2009). The impact of space and time on interprofessional teamwork in Canadian primary health care settings: Implications for health care reform. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 10(2), 151–162.
O’Hara, S. (2014). Planning intensive care unit design using computer simulation modeling: Optimizing integration of clinical, operational, and architectural requirements. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 37(1), 67–82.
O’Rourke, K., Allgood, C., VanDerslice, J., & Hardy, M. A. (2000). Job satisfaction among nursing staff in a military health care facility. Military Medicine, 165(10), 757–761.
Pati, D., Harvey Jr, T. E., Redden, P., Summers, B., & Pati, S. (2015). An empirical examination of the impacts of decentralized nursing unit design. HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 8(2), 56–70.
Pattison, H. M., & Robertson, C. E. (1996). The effect of ward design on the wellbeing of post-operative patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 23(4), 820–826.
Peavey, E., & Cai, H. (2018). A systems framework for understanding the environment’s relation to clinical teamwork: A systematic literature review of empirical studies. Environment and Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518815535
Rafferty, A. M., Ball, J., & Aiken, L. H. (2001). Are teamwork and professional autonomy compatible, and do they result in improved hospital care? BMJ Quality & Safety, 10(suppl 2), ii32–ii37.
Rashid, M., Wineman, J., Zimring, C. (2009). Space behavior, and environmental perception in open plan offices: A prospective study, environment and planning. Planning and Design, 36, 432–449. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1068/b33034http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1068/b33034.
Salas, E., Sims, D. E., & Burke, C. S. (2005). Is there a “big five” in teamwork? Small Group Research, 36(5), 555–599.
Schaumann, D., Pilosof, N. P., Date, K., & Kalay, Y. E. (2016). A study of human behavior simulation in architectural design for healthcare facilities. Annali Dell’ Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, 52(1), 24–32.
Skretkowicz, V. (Ed.). (1992). Florence Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing. London: Scutari.
Ulrich, R. S., Zimring, C., Joseph, A., Quan, X., & Choudhary, R. (2004). The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st century: A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Concord, CA: The Center for Health Design.
Ulrich, R., Quan, X., Zimring, C., Joseph, A., & Choudhary, R. (2008). A review of literature on evidence-based healthcare design (Part 1). HERD, 1, 27–38.
Ulrich, R. S. (2006). Essay: Evidence-based healthcare architecture. The Lancet, 368, S38–S39.
Ulrich, R. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery. Science, 224(4647), 224–225.
Ulrich, R. S. (1991). Effects of interior design on wellness: Theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, 3(1), 97–109.
Van der Zwart, J., & Evjen, T. A. (2018). Data driven simulation model for hospital architecture, modelling and simulating clinical processes, architectural layout and patient logistics in a hospital’s Building Information Model. In D. L. Viana, F. Morais, & J. V. Vaz, (Eds.), Formal methods in architecture and urbanism. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Verderber, S., Jiang, S., Hughes, G., & Xiao, Y. (2014). The evolving role of evidence-based research in healthcare facility design competitions. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 3(3), 238–249.
Wagenaar, C. (2006). The architecture of hospitals. NAi Publishers.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Van der Zwart, J., Pilosof, N.P. (2020). Evidence-Based Design for Healthcare Work Environments. In: Tevik Løvseth, L., de Lange, A.H. (eds) Integrating the Organization of Health Services, Worker Wellbeing and Quality of Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59467-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59467-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-59466-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-59467-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)