Abstract
Many territorial entities are seeing their prerogatives and regulatory powers enhanced with new “instruments” intended to foster the development of ecomobility. Taking as its focus the way that individuals make decisions about transportation modes, EM3 is a transport model designed to simulate the potential impacts of different regulatory measures on the travel practices of inhabitants of an urban area and on the resulting pollutant emissions. One of the originalities of this model is that it emphasises the behavioural dimension, taking the view that this dimension is a parameter whose effects on the outputs of transportation models are currently unknown and possibly not insignificant. Alongside the standard, it models a socio-psychological behavioural approach and a sociology-based approach. The comparison of the three behavioural approaches shows substantial differences in the outcomes observed, whether globally or at the level of local indicators. In addition, the results indicate that the effects of a measure such as a Low Emission Zone extend beyond the specific scope of the geographical area concerned, and can also contribute to strengthening or weakening existing socio-spatial inequalities. We end this chapter by presenting the finality of our approach which aims to support the planning decisions of territorial collectivities thanks to the use of an experimental platform that can shed light on the impacts of various parameters relating to the territorial specificities and the behavioral complexity of users.
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Notes
- 1.
In addition to the present authors, the team is also composed of Nathalie Corson (Normandie Univ, ULHN, LMAH, Le Havre, France), Stefan Balev (Normandie Univ, ULHN, LITIS, Le Havre, France), Thibault Langlois (Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR IDEES, Le Havre, France), Valérie Bailly-Hascoët (IDIT, Rouen, France), Ludovic Couturier (IDIT, Rouen, France).
- 2.
Income level refers here to economic capital and for sake of simplicity we did not consider neither cultural capital nor social trajectories in the definition of social positions. We also opted for a purely sociological approach of the concept of \(\ll \) distance to practice \(\gg \) where the possible effects of geographic or physical distances are ignored.
- 3.
Based on data sets that can be generated specifically for a project or that can integrate existing data from statistical institutes or other.
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This research was supported by the Normandy Region with CPER funding and by Europe with ERDF funding.
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Salze, P., Sajous, P., Bertelle, C. (2021). EM3: A Model to Explore the Effects of Ecomobility Policies on an Urban Area. In: Sajous, P., Bertelle, C. (eds) Complex Systems, Smart Territories and Mobility. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59302-5_13
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