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Acute Kidney Injury and Covid-19: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis

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Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 1321)

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a fatal complication of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which causes COVID-19 disease. Here, we performed a scoping review and meta-analysis including clinical studies on patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection with data on AKI assessment and characteristics, and the overall prevalence of AKI was estimated using a random-effects model. We identified 21 articles which passed the search criteria. All were quantitative observational studies which used a cross-sectional, retrospective, case report, or cohort methodology. This showed that aging, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, previous chronic disease, and other comorbidities were risk factors of AKI. Although the prevalence of proteinuria, hematuria, and increased serum creatinine was reported for up to 60% of the patients with COVID-19, the overall prevalence of AKI was estimated to be 8%. We conclude that although approximately two-thirds of patients with COVID-19 had symptoms of kidney damage, most of these did not meet the diagnostic criteria for AKI. Further studies should be performed to validate biomarkers for improved AKI diagnosis in COVID-19 patients and new treatment options are required to reduce the rate of mortality.

Keywords

Acute kidney injury COVID-19 Meta-analysis Scoping review 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

Thanks to guidance and advice from the Clinical Research Development Unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital.

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Copyright information

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Trauma Research Center, Nursing FacultyBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
  2. 2.Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, “Aldo Moro” UniversityBariItaly
  3. 3.Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical ScienceUniversity of FoggiaFoggiaItaly
  4. 4.Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life style institute, Nursing FacultyBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
  5. 5.Anesthesia and Critical Care DepartmentHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
  6. 6.Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of BiologyUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
  7. 7.Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
  8. 8.Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
  9. 9.Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI)LodzPoland
  10. 10.Halal Research Center of IRI, FDATehranIran

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