Abstract
With economic growth of ASEAN member countries, and their entrance into international trade agreements (World Trade Organization), there are pressures to develop institutions to adapt to external pressures. This chapter focuses on how the intellectual property (IP) law system both creates benefits and burdens to a developing country like Vietnam, and to the extent which it creates challenges to governance. Relying on secondary data such as articles, reports and statistics, the chapter shows the extent to which the IP system generates advantages, as well as the adverse outcomes to developing countries, and how such countries are pressured by international factors to adopt IP law. Analysis shows that a strong IP system may help the country attract more foreign direct investment, encourage innovation and transfer of technology and contribute to the process of integrating to the global economy. Yet, to maintain the high level of IP protection, there are challenges to governance including (1) the high cost of capacity building for the IP offices, (2) ineffective implementation of the IP-related regulations, and (3) the impression that the IP laws run counter to cultural practice. The chapter concludes that although there are some disadvantages, the IP law plays an important role in Vietnam’s strategy of international economic integration.
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Notes
- 1.
Such as: patents, trademarks, industrial designs and geographical indications (WIPO).
- 2.
See WIPO, What is Intellectual Property, available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/intproperty/450/wipo_pub_450.pdf (last visit 30/8/2017).
- 3.
See Art. 1 of the Law No. 50/2005/QH11 (The Vietnam IP Law 2005).
- 4.
See WIPO, What is Intellectual Property, (Supra n2).
- 5.
A political socioeconomic strategy of the Vietnamese Government since the 1980s, including restructuring and opening the economy to be more diverse, modern and integrated with international trade and encouraging international investment.
- 6.
The conditions that beyond the requirements of the WTO, which are offered by member countries to the country applying for the membership.
- 7.
This was explained by the WTO as “Treating other people equally Under the WTO agreements, countries cannot normally discriminate between their trading partners. Grant someone a special favour (such as a lower customs duty rate for one of their products) and you have to do the same for all other WTO members.” For more details, visit: https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact2_e.htm (last visited 25/8/2017).
- 8.
See GDP Growth (Annual %) at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=vn (last visited 14/7/2017).
- 9.
Dr. Le Dang Doanh, Formerly Director of the Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM), Ministry of Planning and Investment. For further information, visit: http://www.ciem.org.vn/en/home.aspx
- 10.
See Dr. Le Dang Doanh: 95 miles away, 5 more miles to go…(in Vietnamese) at http://tuoitre.vn/tin/kinh-te/20060515/ts-le-dang-doanh-da-di-duoc-95-dam-con-5-dam-nua/137927.html (last visited 22/8/2017).
- 11.
See Vietnamese firms are ready for the WTO accession (in Vietnamese) at http://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/vi-mo/doanh-nghiep-vn-san-sang-cho-viec-gia-nhap-wto-2678148.html (last visited 22/8/2017).
- 12.
See What trademarks has Vietnam lost? (in Vietnamese) at http://vietnamnet.vn/vn/kinh-doanh/viet-nam-da-danh-mat-nhung-thuong-hieu-nao-43766.html (last visit 30/8/2017).
- 13.
See Report on import and export in the month of December and 2005 (in Vietnamese) at https://www.customs.gov.vn/Lists/TinHoatDong/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=16427&Category=S%E1%BB%B1%20ki%E1%BB%87n (last visited 30/8/2017).
- 14.
- 15.
- 16.
See Statistics on the value of Vietnam’s Export and Import of goods for the period 1996 – 06/2016 (in Vietnamese) at https://www.customs.gov.vn/Lists/ThongKeHaiQuan/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=376&Category=S%E1%BB%91%20 li%E1%BB%87u%20chuy%C3%AAn%20%C4%91%E1%BB%81&Group=S%E1%BB%91%20li%E1%BB%87u %20th%E1%BB%91ng%20k%C3%AA (last visited 13/7/2017).
- 17.
See FDI, net inflows (BoP, current US$) at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD?locations=VN (last visited 13/7/2017).
- 18.
At the rate exchange of USD/VND = 22.600
- 19.
For more details, see WTO case DS404: United States — Anti-dumping Measures on Certain Shrimp from Viet Nam, available at https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds404_e.htm (last visited 01/8/2017).
- 20.
For further information, visit http://www.southeastasia-iprhelpdesk.eu/ (last visited 23/8/2017).
- 21.
For further information, visit https://www.aseanip.org/ (last visited 23/8/2017).
- 22.
For further information, visit https://www.aseanip.org/Services/ASEAN-Patent-Examination-Co-operation-ASPEC/What-is-ASPEC (last visited 23/8/2017). This program will come to a higher step, since the search engine and database of ASEAN (ASEAN PatentScope) has just been declared to be launched in the 53th meeting of the AWGIPC in Hanoi. See Launched database search engine for ASEAN countries (in Vietnamese) at http://dantri.com.vn/khoa-hoc-cong-nghe/khoi-dong-cong-cu-tra-cuu-co-so-du-lieu-ve-sang-che-cac-nuoc-asean-20170717194746825.htm
- 23.
See ASEAN Statistics Leaflet – Selected key indicators 2016, available at http://www.aseanstats.org/publication/asean-statistics-leaflet-selected-key-indicators-2016/ (last visited 07/9/2017).
- 24.
Up to date, right to new plant varieties is not recognized as IP right in Lao, Cambodia and Myanmar.
- 25.
For instance, as provided by the Strategy Goal 2 of the ASEAN IPR Action Plan 2011–2015.
- 26.
See The 2017 “Special 301” Report of the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR), available on https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/2017/april/ustr-releases-2017-special-301-report (last visited 25/8/2017).
- 27.
See Report on 10 years enforcement of IP law: some provisions in the IP law should be revised (in Vietnamese) at https://www.most.gov.Vietnam/Vietnam/tin-tuc/12009/tong-ket-10-nam-thi-hanh-luat-so-huu-tri-tue%2D%2Dcan-sua-doi%2D%2Dbo-sung-mot-so-dieu-cua-luat-so-huu-tri-tue.aspx (last visited 25/7/2017).
- 28.
One of the affiliated agencies of the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
- 29.
Supra n27.
- 30.
Ibid.
- 31.
To-date, the long awaited ASEAN IP rights Action Plan 2016–2025 still not be published.
- 32.
Supra n27.
- 33.
Ibid.
- 34.
See Vietnam urgent to boost export value at http://vietnamnews.vn/economy/375119/vn-urged-to-boost-export-value.html#tBbqcAfyfqFbhs4v.97 (last visited 30/8/2017).
- 35.
See Inattention in building brands for agricultural products (in Vietnamese)at http://www.favri.org.vn/vi/tin-tuc/tin-tuc-cap-nhat/960-van-lo-la-xay-dung-thuong-hieu-nong-san.htm (last visit 30/8/2017).
- 36.
Ibid.
- 37.
See Urgent to build brand-named for Vietnamese agricultural products at http://www.ipsi.org.vn/TinTucChiTiet.aspx?nId=745&nCate=3 (last visited 30/8/2017).
- 38.
See Small and medium enterprises are unconcerned with IP (in Vietnamese) at http://sromost.gov.vn/vi/tin-tuc-su-kien/664-doanh-nghiep-vua-va-nho-con-tho-o-ve-so-huu-tri-tue (last visited 21/8/2017).
- 39.
See Startup enterprises are unconcerned with IP, (in Vietnamese) at http://www.baohaiquan.vn/Pages/Doanh-nghiep-khoi-nghiep-tho-o-voi-so-huu-tri-tue.aspx (last visit 21/8/2017).
- 40.
Mr. Nguyen Huu Can, Deputy Director of the Vietnam Intellectual Property Research Institute, Ministry of Science and Technology. For further information, visit: http://english.vipri.gov.vn/
- 41.
See Many difficulties in preventing intellectual property infringements (in Vietnamese) at http://www.baomoi.com/nhieu-kho-khan-trong-viec-ngan-chan-vi-pham-so-huu-tri-tue/c/13574768.epi (last visited 23/8/2017).
- 42.
See Halt the plan to collect copyright fees for musical works on TV programs broadcasted at hotels (in Viet namese) at http://tuoitre.vn/tin/van-hoa-giai-tri/20170526/tam-dung-thu-phi-am-nhac-tai-cac-phong-nghi-khach-san/1321122.html (last visited 03/8/2017). Again, this created an extra-stress to the Government, as they have to draft for a Decree, which balancing all of the stake holders’ benefit, in collecting the remuneration in such cases. In other words, the copyright owners have to wait until there is such a regulation adopted by the Government.
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Nguyen Phan, K. (2021). Protecting Intellectual Property Rights in Vietnam: Opportunities and Challenges. In: Holzhacker, R.L., Tan, W.G.Z. (eds) Challenges of Governance . Development and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59054-3_6
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