Skip to main content

Generalizing Person Re-Identification by Camera-Aware Invariance Learning and Cross-Domain Mixup

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computer Vision – ECCV 2020 (ECCV 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 12360))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Despite the impressive performance under the single-domain setup, current fully-supervised models for person re-identification (re-ID) degrade significantly when deployed to an unseen domain. According to the characteristics of cross-domain re-ID, such degradation is mainly attributed to the dramatic variation within the target domain and the severe shift between the source and target domain. To achieve a model that generalizes well to the target domain, it is desirable to take both issues into account. In terms of the former issue, one of the most successful solutions is to enforce consistency between nearest-neighbors in the embedding space. However, we find that the search of neighbors is highly biased due to the discrepancy across cameras. To this end, we improve the vanilla neighborhood invariance approach by imposing the constraint in a camera-aware manner. As for the latter issue, we propose a novel cross-domain mixup scheme. It alleviates the abrupt transfer by introducing the interpolation between the two domains as a transition state. Extensive experiments on three public benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of our method. Without any auxiliary data or models, it outperforms existing state-of-the-arts by a large margin. The code is available at https://github.com/LuckyDC/generalizing-reid.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Berthelot, D., Carlini, N., Goodfellow, I., Papernot, N., Oliver, A., Raffel, C.: Mixmatch: a holistic approach to semi-supervised learning. arXiv:1905.02249 (2019)

  2. Chen, B., Deng, W., Shen, H.: Virtual class enhanced discriminative embedding learning. In: NeurIPS (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, W., Chen, X., Zhang, J., Huang, K.: Beyond triplet loss: a deep quadruplet network for person re-identification. In: CVPR (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chen, Y., Zhu, X., Gong, S.: Deep association learning for unsupervised video person re-identification. In: BMVC (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, Y., Li, J., Xiao, H., Jin, X., Yan, S., Feng, J.: Dual path networks. In: NeurIPS (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cheng, D., Gong, Y., Zhou, S., Wang, J., Zheng, N.: Person re-identification by multi-channel parts-based CNN with improved triplet loss function. In: CVPR (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Choi, Y., Choi, M., Kim, M., Ha, J.W., Kim, S., Choo, J.: StarGAN: unified generative adversarial networks for multi-domain image-to-image translation. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Deng, J., Dong, W., Socher, R., Li, L.J., Li, K., Fei-Fei, L.: ImageNet: a large-scale hierarchical image database. In: CVPR (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Deng, W., Zheng, L., Ye, Q., Kang, G., Yang, Y., Jiao, J.: Image-image domain adaptation with preserved self-similarity and domain-dissimilarity for person re-identification. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ding, Y., Fan, H., Xu, M., Yang, Y.: Adaptive exploration for unsupervised person re-identification. arXiv:1907.04194 (2019)

  11. Fan, H., Zheng, L., Yan, C., Yang, Y.: Unsupervised person re-identification: clustering and fine-tuning. ACM Trans. Multimed. Comput. Commun. Appl. 14, 83 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fu, Y., Wei, Y., Wang, G., Zhou, Y., Shi, H., Huang, T.: Self-similarity grouping: a simple unsupervised cross domain adaptation approach for person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fu, Y., et al.: Horizontal pyramid matching for person re-identification. In: AAAI (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ge, Y., Chen, D., Li, H.: Mutual mean-teaching: Pseudo label refinery for unsupervised domain adaptation on person re-identification. In: ICLR (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  15. He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: CVPR (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hermans, A., Beyer, L., Leibe, B.: In defense of the triplet loss for person re-identification. arXiv:1703.07737 (2017)

  17. Huang, G., Liu, Z., Van Der Maaten, L., Weinberger, K.Q.: Densely connected convolutional networks. In: CVPR (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Huang, H., et al.: Eanet: enhancing alignment for cross-domain person re-identification. arXiv:1812.11369 (2018)

  19. Huang, Y., Wu, Q., Xu, J., Zhong, Y.: Sbsgan: suppression of inter-domain background shift for person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kalayeh, M.M., Basaran, E., Gökmen, M., Kamasak, M.E., Shah, M.: Human semantic parsing for person re-identification. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Krizhevsky, A., Hinton, G., et al.: Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Li, K., Ding, Z., Li, K., Zhang, Y., Fu, Y.: Support neighbor loss for person re-identification. In: ACM MM (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Li, M., Zhu, X., Gong, S.: Unsupervised person re-identification by deep learning tracklet association. In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Li, Y.J., Yang, F.E., Liu, Y.C., Yeh, Y.Y., Du, X., Frank Wang, Y.C.: Adaptation and re-identification network: an unsupervised deep transfer learning approach to person re-identification. In: CVPR Workshop (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Liu, J., Zha, Z.J., Chen, D., Hong, R., Wang, M.: Adaptive transfer network for cross-domain person re-identification. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mao, X., Ma, Y., Yang, Z., Chen, Y., Li, Q.: Virtual mixup training for unsupervised domain adaptation. arXiv:1905.04215 (2019)

  27. Paszke, A., et al.: Automatic differentiation in pytorch. In: NeurIPS Workshop (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Quan, R., Dong, X., Wu, Y., Zhu, L., Yang, Y.: Auto-reid: searching for a part-aware convnet for person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ristani, E., Solera, F., Zou, R., Cucchiara, R., Tomasi, C.: Performance Measures and a Data Set for Multi-target, Multi-camera Tracking. In: Hua, G., Jégou, H. (eds.) ECCV 2016. LNCS, vol. 9914, pp. 17–35. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48881-3_2

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Rukhovich, D., Galeev, D.: Mixmatch domain adaptaion: Prize-winning solution for both tracks of visda 2019 challenge. arXiv:1910.03903 (2019)

  31. Schroff, F., Kalenichenko, D., Philbin, J.: Facenet: a unified embedding for face recognition and clustering. In: CVPR (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Song, L., et al.: Unsupervised domain adaptive re-identification: theory and practice. arXiv:1807.11334 (2018)

  33. Suh, Y., Wang, J., Tang, S., Mei, T., Mu Lee, K.: Part-aligned bilinear representations for person re-identification. In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Sun, Y., Zheng, L., Yang, Y., Tian, Q., Wang, S.: Beyond part models: Person retrieval with refined part pooling (and a strong convolutional baseline). In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Verma, V., et al.: Manifold mixup: better representations by interpolating hidden states. In: ICML (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Verma, V., Lamb, A., Kannala, J., Bengio, Y., Lopez-Paz, D.: Interpolation consistency training for semi-supervised learning. arXiv:1903.03825 (2019)

  37. Wang, C., Zhang, Q., Huang, C., Liu, W., Wang, X.: Mancs: a multi-task attentional network with curriculum sampling for person re-identification. In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Wang, G., Yuan, Y., Chen, X., Li, J., Zhou, X.: Learning discriminative features with multiple granularities for person re-identification. In: ACM MM (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Wang, J., Zhu, X., Gong, S., Li, W.: Transferable joint attribute-identity deep learning for unsupervised person re-identification. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Wei, L., Zhang, S., Gao, W., Tian, Q.: Person transfer GAN to bridge domain gap for person re-identification. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Wu, A., Zheng, W.S., Lai, J.H.: Unsupervised person re-identification by camera-aware similarity consistency learning. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Wu, J., et al.: Clustering and dynamic sampling based unsupervised domain adaptation for person re-identification. In: ICME (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Wu, J., Yang, Y., Liu, H., Liao, S., Lei, Z., Li, S.Z.: Unsupervised graph association for person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Wu, Z., Xiong, Y., Yu, S.X., Lin, D.: Unsupervised feature learning via non-parametric instance discrimination. In: CVPR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Yang, Q., Yu, H.X., Wu, A., Zheng, W.S.: Patch-based discriminative feature learning for unsupervised person re-identification. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Yu, H.X., Zheng, W.S., Wu, A., Guo, X., Gong, S., Lai, J.H.: Unsupervised person re-identification by soft multilabel learning. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Yu, R., Dou, Z., Bai, S., Zhang, Z., Xu, Y., Bai, X.: Hard-aware point-to-set deep metric for person re-identification. In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Zhai, Y., Guo, X., Lu, Y., Li, H.: In defense of the classification loss for person re-identification. In: CVPR Workshops (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Zhang, H., Cisse, M., Dauphin, Y.N., Lopez-Paz, D.: mixup: beyond empirical risk minimization. In: ICLR (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Zhang, X., Cao, J., Shen, C., You, M.: Self-training with progressive augmentation for unsupervised cross-domain person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Zhang, Z., Lan, C., Zeng, W., Chen, Z.: Densely semantically aligned person re-identification. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Zheng, F., et al.: Pyramidal person re-identification via multi-loss dynamic training. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Zheng, L., Shen, L., Tian, L., Wang, S., Wang, J., Tian, Q.: Scalable person re-identification: a benchmark. In: ICCV (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Zheng, Z., Zheng, L., Yang, Y.: Unlabeled samples generated by GAN improve the person re-identification baseline in vitro. In: ICCV (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Kang, G., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Random erasing data augmentation. arXiv:1708.04896 (2017)

  56. Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Generalizing a person retrieval model hetero-and homogeneously. In: ECCV (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Luo, Z., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Invariance matters: exemplar memory for domain adaptive person re-identification. In: CVPR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Luo, Z., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Learning to adapt invariance in memory for person re-identification. arXiv:1908.00485 (2019)

  59. Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Zheng, Z., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Camstyle: a novel data augmentation method for person re-identification. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 28, 1176–1190 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  60. Zhong, Z., Zhu, L., Luo, Z., Li, S., Yang, Y., Sebe, N.: Openmix: reviving known knowledge for discovering novel visual categories in an open world. arXiv:2004.05551 (2020)

  61. Zhou, K., Yang, Y., Cavallaro, A., Xiang, T.: Omni-scale feature learning for person re-identification. In: ICCV (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  62. Zhu, J.Y., Park, T., Isola, P., Efros, A.A.: Unpaired image-to-image translation using cycle-consistent adversarial networks. In: ICCV (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  63. Zhu, X., Zhu, X., Li, M., Murino, V., Gong, S.: Intra-camera supervised person re-identification: a new benchmark. In: ICCV Workshop (2019)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1004602), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61836014, No. 61761146004, No. 61773375).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhaoxiang Zhang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

1 Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (pdf 384 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Luo, C., Song, C., Zhang, Z. (2020). Generalizing Person Re-Identification by Camera-Aware Invariance Learning and Cross-Domain Mixup. In: Vedaldi, A., Bischof, H., Brox, T., Frahm, JM. (eds) Computer Vision – ECCV 2020. ECCV 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12360. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58555-6_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58555-6_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58554-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58555-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics