Abstract
To create more sustainable and livable cities, researchers work on different topics. In this context, bicycles have an important positive effect on people living in urban areas since they provide not only relief of traffic congestion but also enhance citizens’ health. The finding suitable locations of bicycle sharing system stations and bicycle lanes are attracted attention because they have a huge contribution to providing bicycles are part of everyday life. The aim of this study is to propose a workflow that combines GIS and MCDM methods to determine locations of bicycle sharing system stations and bicycle lanes together. MCDM methods are used to identify which criterion more effective than others since different factors affect the location selection process. Weights of criteria are obtained using AHP, FAHP, and BWM while TOPSIS is applied to rank alternative locations. To provide a more useful and sharable solution, site selection model is prepared in QGIS which is a widely used open source GIS software. First, three different suitability index are obtained using weights that came from MCDM methods. After, average analysis is applied to these suitability indexes so as to increase the reliability of the result. Furthermore, three different scenario applications that take into consideration whether study area has bicycle sharing system station and bike lane currently are implemented in this study. Various alternative locations for bicycle sharing system station and bike lane are proposed in order to support urban planning studies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chen, Y., Bouferguene, A., Li, H.X., et al.: Spatial gaps in urban public transport supply and demand from the perspective of sustainability. J. Clean. Prod. 195, 1237–1248 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2018.06.021
Jain, D., Tiwari, G.: How the present would have looked like? Impact of non-motorized transport and public transport infrastructure on travel behavior, energy consumption and CO2 emissions—Delhi, Pune and Patna. Sustain. Cities Soc. 22, 1–10 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2016.01.001
Israel Schwarzlose, A.A., Mjelde, J.W., Dudensing, R.M., et al.: Willingness to pay for public transportation options for improving the quality of life of the rural elderly. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 61, 1–14 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2013.12.009
Pucher, J., Peng, Z., Mittal, N., et al.: Urban transport trends and policies in China and India: impacts of rapid economic growth. Transp. Rev. 27, 379–410 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/01441640601089988
Guler, D., Yomralioglu, T.: GIS and fuzzy AHP based area selection for electric vehicle charging stations. Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci. ISPRS Arch. 249–252 (2018). https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-249-2018
Goldman, T., Gorham, R.: Sustainable urban transport: four innovative directions. Technol. Soc. 28, 261–273 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHSOC.2005.10.007
Jones, L.R., Cherry, C.R., Vu, T.A., Nguyen, Q.N.: The effect of incentives and technology on the adoption of electric motorcycles: a stated choice experiment in Vietnam. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 57, 1–11 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2013.09.003
Lin, J.J., Lin, C.T., Feng, C.M.: Locating rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system. Transp. Plann. Technol. 41, 402–420 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2018.1453915
Fishman, E.: Bikeshare: a review of recent literature. Transp. Rev. 36, 92–113 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2015.1033036
Si, H., Shi, J., Wu, G., et al.: Mapping the bike sharing research published from 2010 to 2018: a scientometric review. J. Clean. Prod. 213, 415–427 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2018.12.157
Lin, J.-R., Yang, T.-H.: Strategic design of public bicycle sharing systems with service level constraints. Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev. 47, 284–294 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2010.09.004
Conrow, L., Murray, A.T., Fischer, H.A.: An optimization approach for equitable bicycle share station siting. J. Transp. Geogr. 69, 163–170 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.04.023
Abolhassani, L., Afghari, A.P., Borzadaran, H.M.: Public preferences towards bicycle sharing system in developing countries: the case of Mashhad, Iran. Sustain. Cities Soc. 44, 763–773 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2018.10.032
Kondo, M.C., Morrison, C., Guerra, E., et al.: Where do bike lanes work best? A Bayesian spatial model of bicycle lanes and bicycle crashes. Saf. Sci. 103, 225–233 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSCI.2017.12.002
Lee, S.E., Simons-Morton, B.G., Klauer, S.E., et al.: Naturalistic assessment of novice teenage crash experience. Accid. Anal. Prev. 43, 1472–1479 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AAP.2011.02.026
Faghih-Imani, A., Anowar, S., Miller, E.J., Eluru, N.: Hail a cab or ride a bike? A travel time comparison of taxi and bicycle-sharing systems in New York City. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 101, 11–21 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2017.05.006
Cai, S., Long, X., Li, L., et al.: Determinants of intention and behavior of low carbon commuting through bicycle-sharing in China. J. Clean. Prod. 212, 602–609 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2018.12.072
Jain, T., Wang, X., Rose, G., Johnson, M.: Does the role of a bicycle share system in a city change over time? A longitudinal analysis of casual users and long-term subscribers. J. Transp. Geogr. 71, 45–57 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTRANGEO.2018.06.023
Hyland, M., Hong, Z., de Farias Pinto, H.K.R., Chen, Y.: Hybrid cluster-regression approach to model bikeshare station usage. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 115, 71–89 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2017.11.009
Heinen, E., Kamruzzaman, M., Turrell, G.: The public bicycle-sharing scheme in Brisbane, Australia: evaluating the influence of its introduction on changes in time spent cycling amongst a middle- and older-age population. J. Transp. Health 10, 56–73 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTH.2018.07.003
Van Cauwenberg, J., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., et al.: Environmental influences on older adults’ transportation cycling experiences: a study using bike-along interviews. Landsc. Urban Plan. 169, 37–46 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LANDURBPLAN.2017.08.003
Wu, J., Wang, L., Li, W.: Usage patterns and impact factors of public bicycle systems: comparison between city center and suburban district in Shenzhen. J. Urban Plan. Dev. 144, 4018027 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000471
Sun, Y., Mobasheri, A., Hu, X., et al.: Investigating impacts of environmental factors on the cycling behavior of bicycle-sharing users. Sustainability 9, 1060 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061060
Yuan, M., Zhang, Q., Wang, B., et al.: A mixed integer linear programming model for optimal planning of bicycle sharing systems: a case study in Beijing. Sustain. Cities Soc. 47, 101515 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2019.101515
Cheng, Y.H., Lin, Y.C.: Expanding the effect of metro station service coverage by incorporating a public bicycle sharing system. Int. J. Sustain. Transp. 12, 241–252 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2017.1347219
Griffin, G.P., Jiao, J.: Crowdsourcing bike share station locations. J. Am. Plan. Assoc. 85, 35–48 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2018.1476174
Wang, L., Li, C., Chen, M.Z.Q., et al.: Connectivity-based accessibility for public bicycle sharing systems. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 15, 1521–1532 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2018.2868471
Boettge, B., Hall, D., Crawford, T., et al.: Assessing the bicycle network in St. Louis: a place based user-centered approach. Sustainability 9, 241 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9020241
Mooney, S.J., Hosford, K., Howe, B., et al.: Freedom from the station: spatial equity in access to dockless bike share. J. Transp. Geogr. 74, 91–96 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTRANGEO.2018.11.009
Hosford, K., Winters, M.: Who are public bicycle share programs serving? An evaluation of the equity of spatial access to bicycle share service areas in Canadian cities. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board 2672, 42–50 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118783107
Ferenchak, N.N., Marshall, W.E.: Suppressed child pedestrian and bicycle trips as an indicator of safety: adopting a proactive safety approach. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 124, 128–144 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2019.03.010
Saplıoğlu, M., Aydın, M.M.: Choosing safe and suitable bicycle routes to integrate cycling and public transport systems. J. Transp. Health (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.05.011
Kaygisiz, Ö., Hauger, G.: Network-based point pattern analysis of bicycle accidents to improve cyclist safety. Transp. Res. Rec. 2659, 106–116 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3141/2659-12
Lin, J.J., Yu, C.J.: A bikeway network design model for urban areas. Transportation 40, 45–68 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-012-9409-6
Kent, M., Karner, A.: Prioritizing low-stress and equitable bicycle networks using neighborhood-based accessibility measures. Int. J. Sustain. Transp. 13, 100–110 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2018.1443177
Veillette, M.P., Grisé, E., El-Geneidy, A.: Park ‘n’ roll: identifying and prioritizing locations for new bicycle parking in Québec City, Canada. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board 2672, 73–82 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118776522
Larsen, J., Patterson, Z., El-Geneidy, A.: Build it. But where? The use of geographic information systems in identifying locations for new cycling infrastructure. Int. J. Sustain. Transp. 7, 299–317 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2011.631098
Rybarczyk, G., Wu, C.: Bicycle facility planning using GIS and multi-criteria decision analysis. Appl. Geogr. 30, 282–293 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2009.08.005
García-Palomares, J.C., Gutiérrez, J., Latorre, M.: Optimizing the location of stations in bike-sharing programs: a GIS approach. Appl. Geogr. 35, 235–246 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.07.002
Terh, S.H., Cao, K.: GIS-MCDA based cycling paths planning: a case study in Singapore. Appl. Geogr. 94, 107–118 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.03.007
Kabak, M., Erbaş, M., Çetinkaya, C., Özceylan, E.: A GIS-based MCDM approach for the evaluation of bike-share stations. J. Clean. Prod. 201, 49–60 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.033
Sun, Y., Mobasheri, A.: Utilizing crowdsourced data for studies of cycling and air pollution exposure: a case study using strava data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 14, 274 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030274
Sun, Y., Moshfeghi, Y., Liu, Z.: Exploiting crowdsourced geographic information and GIS for assessment of air pollution exposure during active travel. J. Transp. Health 6, 93–104 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.06.004
Sun, Y., Du, Y., Wang, Y., Zhuang, L.: Examining associations of environmental characteristics with recreational cycling behaviour by street-level strava data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 14, 644 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14060644
Conrow, L., Wentz, E., Nelson, T., Pettit, C.: Comparing spatial patterns of crowdsourced and conventional bicycling datasets. Appl. Geogr. 92, 21–30 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.01.009
Norman, P., Pickering, C.M., Castley, G.: What can volunteered geographic information tell us about the different ways mountain bikers, runners and walkers use urban reserves? Landsc. Urban Plan. 185, 180–190 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.02.015
Orellana, D., Guerrero, M.L.: Exploring the influence of road network structure on the spatial behaviour of cyclists using crowdsourced data. Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. 46, 1314–1330 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808319863810
Giuffrida, L.P., Inturri, I.: Mapping with stakeholders: an overview of public participatory GIS and VGI in transport decision-making. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 8, 198 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8040198
Güler, D., Yomralıoğlu, T.: Alternative suitable landfill site selection using analytic hierarchy process and geographic information systems: a case study in Istanbul. Environ. Earth Sci. 76 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-7039-1
Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338–353 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
Kaufmann, A., Gupta, M.M.: Fuzzy Mathematical Models in Engineering and Management Science. Elsevier Science Inc. (1988)
Zimmermann, H.J.: Fuzzy Set Theory—And Its Applications. Springer, Dordrecht (2011)
Malczewski, J., Rinner, C.: Dealing with uncertainties. In: Malczewski, J., Rinner, C. (eds.) Multicriteria Decision Analysis in Geographic Information Science, pp. 191–221. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg (2015)
Zeng, T.Q., Zhou, Q.: Optimal spatial decision making using GIS: a prototype of a real state geographical information system (REGIS). Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/136588101300304034
Lin, C.T., Lin, J.K.: Fuzzy-GIS approach for applying the AHP multi-criteria decision-making model to evaluate real estate purchases. J. Test. Eval. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1520/jte20120030
Saaty, T.L., Vargas, L.G.: How to make a decision. In: Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, pp. 1–21. Springer US, Boston, MA (2012)
Şen, C.G., Çınar, G.: Evaluation and pre-allocation of operators with multiple skills: a combined fuzzy AHP and max–min approach. Expert Syst. Appl. 37, 2043–2053 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ESWA.2009.06.075
Rezaei, J.: Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method. Omega 53, 49–57 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2014.11.009
Rezaei, J.: Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method: some properties and a linear model. Omega 64, 126–130 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2015.12.001
Hwang, C.L., Yoon, K.: Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications: A State-of-the-Art Survey. Springer-Verlag, New York (1981)
Neteler, M., Bowman, M.H., Landa, M., Metz, M.: GRASS GIS: a multi-purpose open source GIS. Environ. Model. Softw. 31, 124–130 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2011.11.014
Arias de Reyna, M., Simoes, J.: Empowering citizen science through free and open source GIS. Open Geospat. Data Softw. Stand. 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40965-016-0008-x
Grizonnet, M., Michel, J., Poughon, V., et al.: Orfeo ToolBox: open source processing of remote sensing images. Open Geospat. Data Softw. Stand. 2, 15 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40965-017-0031-6
Ledoux, H.: val3dity: validation of 3D GIS primitives according to the international standards. Open Geospat. Data Softw. Stand. 3 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40965-018-0043-x
Steiniger, S., Hunter, A.J.S.: The 2012 free and open source GIS software map—a guide to facilitate research, development, and adoption. Comput. Environ. Urban Syst. 39, 136–150 (2013)
Swain, N.R., Latu, K., Christensen, S.D., et al.: A review of open source software solutions for developing water resources web applications. Environ. Model. Softw. 67, 108–117 (2015)
Dile, Y.T., Daggupati, P., George, C., et al.: Introducing a new open source GIS user interface for the SWAT model. Environ. Model. Softw. 85, 129–138 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2016.08.004
Petrasova, A., Petras, V., Harmon, B., Mitasova, H.: Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS. Springer, Cham (2015)
Steiniger, S., Bocher, E.: An overview on current free and open source desktop GIS developments. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. 23, 1345–1370 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810802634956
Milakis, D., Athanasopoulos, K.: What about people in cycle network planning? Applying participative multicriteria GIS analysis in the case of the Athens metropolitan cycle network. J. Transp. Geogr. 35, 120–129 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2014.01.009
Mete, M.O., Guler, D., Yomralioglu, T.: Development of 3D web GIS application with open source library. Selcuk Univ. J. Eng. Sci. Technol. 6, 818–824 (2018). https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.171
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Guler, D., Yomralioglu, T. (2021). Bicycle Station and Lane Location Selection Using Open Source GIS Technology. In: Mobasheri, A. (eds) Open Source Geospatial Science for Urban Studies. Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58232-6_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58232-6_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58231-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58232-6
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)