Abstract
The recent interest in the role of knowledge in working life and the discussion that this has triggered have largely avoided the epistemological question; that is, what is knowledge? Even the pragmatic question concerning the meaning that people in the West attach to the concept has been avoided. On the other hand, many dichotomies have been suggested. Most commonly, a distinction is made between practical and theoretical knowledge. One variant distinguishes between experiential knowledge and reported knowledge. Another refers to intimate knowledge as opposed to declared knowledge. Tacit knowledge as opposed to codified knowledge is another dichotomy, which often appears in discourse. Distinctions of this kind are useful for practical purposes, but they are also risky, since they tempt people to make radical simplifications of a multi-faceted reality (Wikström et al. 1994).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bergson H (1922) Creative evolution. Macmillan, London
Brown JS, Duguid P (1991) Organizational learning and communities-of-practice: toward a unified view of working, learning, and innovation. Organ Sci 2(1):40–57
Brown JS, Gray ES (1995) The people are the company. Fast Company 1(1):78–82
Chomsky N (1968) Language and mind. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York
Choo C (1988) The knowing organization. Oxford University Press, New York
Cohen MD (1991) Individual learning and organizational routine: emerging connections. Organ Sci 2(1):135–139
Deleuze G (2004) Difference and repetition. Continuum, London
Ekinge R, Lennartsson B (2000) Organizational knowledge as a basis for the management of development projects. In: Accepted for discovering connections: a renaissance through systems learning conference. Michigan, Dearborn
Gherardi S, Nicolini D (2001) The sociological foundations of organizational learning. In: Giddens A (ed) (1984). The constitution of society: outline of the theory of structuration. Polity Press, Cambridge
Haraway DJ (1991) Simians, cyborgs, and women: the reinvention of nature. Free Association Books, London
Hatch J (2010) Defining organizational knowledge: turning individual knowledge into organizational intellectual capital. http://knol.google.com/k/defining-organizational-knowledge
Hernes T (2008) Understanding organization as process: theory for tangled world. Routledge, London
Hernes T (2014) A process theory of organization. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Hernes T, Weik E (2007) Organization as process: drawing a line between endogenous and exogenous views. Scand J Manag 23(3):251–264
Husserl E (1948) Erfahrung und Urteil: Untersuchungen zur Genealogie der Logik (Experience and opinion: studies on genealogy of logic). Claassen and Goverts, Hamburg
Husserl E (1950) Ideen zu einer Phänomenologic und phänomenologishen Philosophie (thoughts about a phenomenology and phenomenological philosophy). Husserliana, 3. Nifoff, The Hague
Koskinen KU (2000) Tacit knowledge as a promoter of project success. Eur J Purch Supply Manage 6:41–47
Koskinen KU, Pihlanto P, Vanharanta H (2003) Tacit knowledge acquisition and sharing in a project work context. Int J Proj Manag 21(4):281–290
Lam A (1997) Embedded firms, embedded knowledge: problems of collaboration and knowledge transfer in global cooperative ventures. Organ Stud 18(6):973–996
Lehrer K (1990) Theory of knowledge. Routledge, London
Leonard-Barton D, Sensiper S (1998) The role of tacit knowledge in group innovation. Calif Manag Rev 40(3):112–132
Luhmann N (1990) Soziale Sisteme. GrundriĂź einer allgemeinen Theorie. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main
Luhmann N (1995a) Gesellschaftsstruktur und Semantik 4: Studien zur Wissenssoziologie der modernen Gesellschhaht. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main
Lyles MA, Schwenk CR (1992) Top management, strategy and organizational knowledge structures. J Manag Stud 29:155–174
March JG, Olsen JP (1976) Ambiguity and choice in organizations. Universitetsforlaget, Bergen
Maturana HR (1978) Biology of language: the epistemology of reality. In: Miller GA (ed) Psychology and biology of language and thought: essays in honour of Eric Lenneberg. Academic, New York, pp 27–63
Maturana HR, Varela F (1980) Autopoiesis and cognition: the realization of the living. Reidel, Dordrecht
Merley-Ponty M (1963) The structure of behaviour. Beacon Press, Boston
Mingers J (2010) Realising systems thinking: knowledge and action in management science. Springer, New York
Mooradian N (2005) Tacit knowledge: philosophic roots and role in KM. J Knowl Manag 9(6):104–113
Moorman C, Miner AS (1997) The impact of organizational memory on new product performance and creativity. J Mark Res 34(1):91–106
Moorman C, Miner AS (1998) Organizational improvisation and organizational memory. Acad Manag Rev 23(4):698–723
Morgan G (1996) Images of organization, 2nd edn. Sage, Thousand Oaks
Newell S, Robertson M, Scarbrough H, Swan J (2002) Managing knowledge work. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke
Nonaka I, Takeuchi H (1995) The knowledge-creating company: how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Orr JE (1990) Sharing knowledge, celebrating identity: community memory in a service culture. In: Middleton D, Edwards D (eds) Collective remembering. Sage, London, pp 169–189
Pettigrew TF (1997) Generalized intergroup contact effects on prejudice. Personal Soc Psychol Bull 23:173–185
Pihlanto P (2005) From economic man to the holistic individual. A quest for a realistic notion of the human actor. In: Tengblad S, Solli R, Czarniawska B (eds) The art of science. Liber and Copenhagen Business School Press, Copenhagen, pp 87–110
Polanyi M (1958) Personal knowledge. Towards a post-critical philosophy. Routledge, London
Polanyi M (1966) The tacit dimension. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London
Rescher N (2000) Process philosophy. A survey of basic issues. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh
Rorty R (1980) Philosophy and the Mirror of nature. Princeton University Press, Princeton
Rosenberg N (1982) Inside the black box: technology and economics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Russell B (1910–1911) Knowledge by acquaintance and knowledge by description. Proc Aristot Soc 11:108–128
Schön DA (1983) The reflective practitioner: how professionals think in action. Basic Books, New York
Schulz M, Hernes T (2013) A temporal perspective on organizational identity. Organ Sci 24(1):1–21
Schutz A (1967) The phenomenology of the social world. Heineman Educational Books, London
Schutz A (1970) On phenomenology and social relations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
Seidl D (2005) Organizational identity and self-transformation: an autopoietic perspective. Ashgate Publishing, Hants
Sims HP Jr, Gioia DA (eds) (1986) The thinking organization. Jossey-bass, San Francisco
Singley M, Anderson JR (1989) The transfer of cognitive skill. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
Sole D, Edmondson A (2002) Situated knowledge and learning in disperse teams. Br J Manag 13:17–S34
Starbuck WH (1992) Learning by knowledge-intensive firms. J Manag Stud 29:713–740
Starbuck WH, Milliken FJ (1988) Challenger: fine tuning the organization until something breaks. J Manag Stud 25(4):319–340
Tsoukas H (1991) The missing link: a transformational view of metaphors in organizational science. Acad Manag Rev 16(3):566–585
Tsoukas H (1996) The firm as a distributed knowledge system: a constructionist approach. Strateg Manag J 17(Special Issue):11–25
Tsoukas H (2005) Complex knowledge: studies in organizational epistemology. Oxford University Press, New York
Tsoukas H, Vladimirou E (2001) What is organizational knowledge? J Manag Stud 38(7):973–993
Ushenko AP (1986) Power and events. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
Varela FJ, Thompson E, Rosch E (1991) Embodied mind: cognitive science and human experience. MIT Press, Cambridge
Von Krogh G, Roos J (1995a) Organizational epistemology. St Martin’s Press, New York
Von Krogh G, Roos J (1995b) Conversation management. Eur Manag J 13(4):390–394
Von Krogh G, Roos J, Slocum K (1996) An essay on corporate epistemology. In: von Krogh G, Roos J (eds) Managing knowledge: perspectives on cooperation and competition. Sage, London, pp 157–183
Weick KE (1979) The social psychology of organizing. Random House, New York
Weick KE (1995) Sensemaking in organizations. Sage, Thousand Oaks
Weick K, Sutcliffe KM, Obstfeld D (2005) Organizing and the process of sensemaking. Organ Sci 16(4):409–421
Wenger E (1991) Communities of practice: where learning happens. In: Benchmark. Dorset House Publishing, New York, pp 82–84
Wenger E (1998) Communities of practice. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Wikström S, Normann R et al (1994) Knowledge and value. Routledge, London
Winograd T, Flores F (1986) Understanding computers and cognition. Addison-Wesley, Reading
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Koskinen, K.U., Breite, R. (2020). Knowledge. In: Uninterrupted Knowledge Creation. SpringerBriefs in Business. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57303-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57303-4_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-57302-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-57303-4
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)