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Colon Polyps and Their Pathologic Characteristics

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Colon Polyps and Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Colon polyp is called a tumor or tissue growth that protrudes from the surface of the colon mucosa. In recent years, there have been some changes in the classification and nomenclature of colon polyps. In the 2019 WHO classification of the Tumors of the Digestive System colon polyps were histopathologically categorized as inflammatory polyps, hamartomatous polyps, epithelial polyps, lymphoid polyps, mesenchymal polyps, and rare polypoid lesions. In the group of epithelial polyps group, among polyps demonstrating nondysplastic serrated features sessile serrated adenoma/polyps were renamed as sessile serrated lesions; while serrated adenoma/polyps with dysplasia were renamed as sessile serrated lesions with dysplasia.

Previously, frequently seen conventional adenomas among neoplastic polyps were considered as the only precursors of colorectal carcinomas and hyperplastic polyps as innocent polyps without malignancy potential. It has been discovered that serrated polyps have different molecular pathways than conventional adenomatous polyps and have a potential for malignancy with increasing incidence rates.

Sometimes polyps cannot be removed from the convoluted segments of the colon as splenic flexure and hepatic flexure due to technical difficulties or the polyp is larger and cannot be excised endoscopically. In this case, will the surgeon only perform coloctemy to remove the polyp or segmental resection or resection according to oncological principles? One of the factors that guide the surgeon is the malignancy potential of polyps. In this section, pathological features of colon polyps are mentioned and information about their malignancy potentials is provided. This information will help the surgeon to decide on the type of surgery to be performed.

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    Dudu Solakoglu Kahraman & Sevil Sayhan

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Kahraman, D.S., Sayhan, S. (2021). Colon Polyps and Their Pathologic Characteristics. In: Engin, O. (eds) Colon Polyps and Colorectal Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57273-0_9

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