Abstract
Since many years ago, Chile has made several efforts and reforms to provide drinking water for domestic uses, and has become a success story and example for urban settings in Latin America. Although the coverage of drinking water supply is almost universal (99.9%) in Chilean cities, in rural areas however the coverage is only 52.3%, and drinking water supply services are managed by local communities through a national program implemented since 1964 by the Ministerio de Obras Públicas, MOP. The legal and institutional framework of the water and sanitation sector in Chile is described for urban and rural areas. Then, the evolution of urban water supply, including coverage, consumption, and its main sources is presented, followed by the evolution of rural water supply. Water supply continuity and the vulnerability to drought are also analysed, as well as the informal rural water supply. Finally, some conclusions about the current situation of the sanitary sector are provided.
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Notes
- 1.
A concentrated rural locality has a minimum population of 100/150–3000 inhabitants and a density of at least 15 homes per kilometer in the drinking water network.
- 2.
A semi-concentrated rural locality has at least 80 inhabitants and at least 8 homes per kilometer in the future network.
- 3.
Valparaíso, Metropolitana, O’Higgins and Maule.
- 4.
Arica Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama and Coquimbo.
- 5.
Biobío, Araucanía, De los Rios and Los Lagos.
- 6.
Aysén and Magallanes.
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Molinos-Senante, M., Donoso, G. (2021). Domestic Uses of Water. In: Fernández, B., Gironás, J. (eds) Water Resources of Chile. World Water Resources, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56901-3_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56901-3_13
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