Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nephrology Worldwide: A Perspective from the International Society of Nephrology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Nephrology Worldwide

  • 655 Accesses

Abstract

There has been a marked rise in the social-economic burden of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury over the past few decades. This chapter provides an overview of global nephrology from the perspective of the International Society of Nephrology. The first part of the chapter outlines the current state of kidney care across the globe as well as the challenges we are facing in the areas of finance and service delivery, nephrology workforce, essential medicines and technology, information systems, leadership, and governance. The second part of the chapter summarizes the International Society of Nephrology’s response to these challenges through a wide range of activities involving advocacy, education, and research to improve the state of kidney health worldwide.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390(10100):1211–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Xie Y, Bowe B, Mokdad AH, et al. Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study highlights the global, regional, and national trends of chronic kidney disease epidemiology from 1990 to 2016. Kidney Int. 2018;94(3):567–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016–40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):2052–90.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Couser WG, Remuzzi G, Mendis S, et al. The contribution of chronic kidney disease to the global burden of major noncommunicable diseases. Kidney Int. 2011;80(12):1258–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Luyckx VA, Tonelli M, Stanifer JW. The global burden of kidney disease and the sustainable development goals. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(6):414–22D.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Jager KJ, Fraser SDS. The ascending rank of chronic kidney disease in the global burden of disease study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017;32(Suppl_2):ii121–8.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Lewington AJ, Cerda J, Mehta RL. Raising awareness of acute kidney injury: a global perspective of a silent killer. Kidney Int. 2013;84(3):457–67.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Lameire NH, Bagga A, Cruz D, et al. Acute kidney injury: an increasing global concern. Lancet. 2013;382(9887):170–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mehta RL, Cerda J, Burdmann EA, et al. International Society of Nephrology’s 0by25 initiative for acute kidney injury (zero preventable deaths by 2025): a human rights case for nephrology. Lancet. 2015;385(9987):2616–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Mehta RL, Burdmann EA, Cerda J, et al. Recognition and management of acute kidney injury in the International Society of Nephrology 0by25 Global Snapshot: a multinational cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2016;387(10032):2017–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kerr M, Bedford M, Matthews B, et al. The economic impact of acute kidney injury in England. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(7):1362–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Coca SG, Singanamala S, Parikh CR. Chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Kidney Int. 2012;81(5):442–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Waikar SS, Winkelmayer WC. Chronic on acute renal failure: long-term implications of severe acute kidney injury. JAMA. 2009;302(11):1227–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. World Health Organization. Monitoring the building blocks of health systems: a handbook of indicators and their measurement strategies. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. xii, 92 p.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Okpechi IG, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Global capacity for clinical research in nephrology: a survey by the International Society of Nephrology. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):82–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Bello AK, Levin A, Tonelli M, et al. Global kidney health atlas: a report by the International Society of Nephrology on the current state of organization and structures for kidney care across the globe. Brussels: International Society of Nephrology; 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Luyckx VA, Tuttle KR, Garcia-Garcia G, et al. Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):71–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Bello AK, Levin A, Lunney M, et al. Global kidney health atlas: a report by the International Society of Nephrology on the global burden of end-stage kidney disease and capacity for kidney replacement therapy and conservative care across world countries and regions. Brussels: International Society of Nephrology; 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bello AK, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Global overview of health systems oversight and financing for kidney care. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):41–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Essue BM, Laba M, Knaul F, et al. Economic burden of chronic ill health and injuries for households in low- and middle-income countries. In: rd, Jamison DT, Gelband H, Horton S, Jha P, Laxminarayan R, et al., editors. Disease control priorities: improving health and reducing poverty. Washington, DC; The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Liyanage T, Ninomiya T, Jha V, et al. Worldwide access to treatment for end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review. Lancet. 2015;385(9981):1975–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Osman MA, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Global nephrology workforce: gaps and opportunities toward a sustainable kidney care system. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):52–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sharif MU, Elsayed ME, Stack AG. The global nephrology workforce: emerging threats and potential solutions! Clin Kidney J. 2016;9(1):11–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Htay H, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Global access of patients with kidney disease to health technologies and medications: findings from the Global Kidney Health Atlas project. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):64–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Wouters OJ, O’Donoghue DJ, Ritchie J, et al. Early chronic kidney disease: diagnosis, management and models of care. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015;11(8):491–502.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Ghimire S, Castelino RL, Lioufas NM, et al. Nonadherence to medication therapy in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):e0144119.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Muralidharan A, White S. The need for kidney transplantation in low- and middle-income countries in 2012: an epidemiological perspective. Transplantation. 2015;99(3):476–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Muller E. Transplantation in Africa – an overview. Clin Nephrol. 2016;86(2016)(13):90–5.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Jha V. Current status of end-stage renal disease care in South Asia. Ethn Dis. 2009;19(1 Suppl 1):S1-27–32.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Davison SN, Levin A, Moss AH, et al. Executive summary of the KDIGO Controversies Conference on Supportive Care in Chronic Kidney Disease: developing a roadmap to improving quality care. Kidney Int. 2015;88(3):447–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Morton RL, Kurella Tamura M, Coast J, et al. Supportive care: economic considerations in advanced kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(10):1915–20.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Morsy A, Lim T, Varatharajan S, et al. National registries in developing countries: understanding construction challenges and implementation steps. 5th Cairo International Biomedical Engineering Conference; December 16–18, 2010; Cairo, Egypt; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  33. See EJ, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Global coverage of health information systems for kidney disease: availability, challenges, and opportunities for development. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):74–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Valsecchi MG, Steliarova-Foucher E. Cancer registration in developing countries: luxury or necessity? Lancet Oncol. 2008;9(2):159–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Lunney M, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Guidelines, policies, and barriers to kidney care: findings from a global survey. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2018;8(2):30–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. van der Veer SN, Tomson CR, Jager KJ, et al. Bridging the gap between what is known and what we do in renal medicine: improving implementability of the European Renal Best Practice guidelines. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(5):951–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. International Society of Nephrology. ISN Position Paper on Universal Health Care. Brussels, Belgium; 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  38. International Society of Nephrology. ISN Biennial Report 2017–2018. Brussels, Belgium; 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  39. International Society of Nephrology. The Lancet Kidney Campaign 2017. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/focus/ckd – publications.

  40. International Society of Nephrology. ISN Biennial Report 2015–2017. Brussels, Belgium; 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  41. International Society of Nephrology. Sharing expertise to support the set-up of renal registries 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/advocacy/share-rr – resources.

  42. International Society of Nephrology. ISN fellowship program 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/all-articles/546-fellowship-program-committee.

  43. International Society of Nephrology. AKI global snapshot 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/0by25 – aki-global-snapshot.

  44. Macedo E, Cerda J, Hingorani S, et al. Recognition and management of acute kidney injury in children: the ISN 0by25 Global Snapshot study. PLoS One. 2018;13(5):e0196586.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. International Society of Nephrology. 0by25 pilot feasibility study 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/0by25 – 0by25-pilot-feasibility-study.

  46. International Society of Nephrology. ISN kidney care network 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/programs/isn-kidney-care-network.

  47. Kilonzo KG, Ghosh S, Temu SA, et al. Outcome of acute peritoneal dialysis in Northern Tanzania. Perit Dial Int. 2012;32(3):261–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Carter M, Kilonzo K, Odiit A, et al. Acute peritoneal dialysis treatment programs for countries of the East African community. Blood Purif. 2012;33(1–3):149–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Levin A, Tonelli M, Bonventre J, et al. Global kidney health 2017 and beyond: a roadmap for closing gaps in care, research, and policy. Lancet. 2017;390(10105):1888–917.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Coresh J, Hu JR, Bello AK, et al. Action plan for determining and monitoring the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):63–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Obrador GT, Schultheiss UT, Kretzler M, et al. Genetic and environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):88–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Pena MJ, Stenvinkel P, Kretzler M, et al. Strategies to improve monitoring disease progression, assessing cardiovascular risk, and defining prognostic biomarkers in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):107–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Bello AK, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, et al. Complications of chronic kidney disease: current state, knowledge gaps, and strategy for action. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):122–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Perkovic V, Craig JC, Chailimpamontree W, et al. Action plan for optimizing the design of clinical trials in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):138–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Jardine MJ, Kasiske B, Adu D, et al. Closing the gap between evidence and practice in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011). 2017;7(2):114–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Bello AK, Levin A, Tonelli M, et al. Assessment of global kidney health care status. JAMA. 2017;317(18):1864–81.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. International Society of Nephrology. Affordable dialysis machine. 2019. Available from: https://www.theisn.org/news/item/3331-affordable-dialysis-project-gains-funding-to-move-forward.

  58. Harris DCH, Davies SJ, Finkelstein FO, et al. Increasing access to integrated ESKD care as part of universal health coverage. Kidney Int. 2019;95(4S):S1–S33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Jha V, Martin DE, Bargman JM, et al. Ethical issues in dialysis therapy. Lancet. 2017;389(10081):1851–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The authors wish to thank Charu Malik (ISN Executive Director), Sophie Dupuis (ISN Capacity Building Director), Jo-Ann Donner (ISN Project Manager), Luisa Strani (ISN Advocacy Director), and Sandrine Damster (ISN Research Programs Manager) who provided details of the ISN’s activities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Sydney, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia

    Titi Chen

  2. Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Obrero No 2 - C.N.S., Universidad Mayor de San Simón, School of Medicine, Cochabamba, Bolivia

    Rolando Claure-Del Granado

  3. International Society of Nephrology, Global Operations Center, Brussels, Belgium

    Kelly Hendricks

  4. International Society of Nephrology, Brussels, Belgium

    Vivekanand Jha

  5. George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, New Delhi, India

    Vivekanand Jha

  6. Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK

    Vivekanand Jha

  7. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

    Vivekanand Jha

  8. International Society of Nephrology, The University of Sydney, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia

    David Harris

Authors
  1. Titi Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rolando Claure-Del Granado
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kelly Hendricks
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Vivekanand Jha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. David Harris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Titi Chen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brazilian Society of Nephrology, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    José A. Moura-Neto

  2. Division of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholms Län, Sweden

    José Carolino Divino-Filho

  3. DIMED - University of Padova, Department Nephrology Dialysis & Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute (IRRIV), San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy

    Claudio Ronco

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Chen, T., Claure-Del Granado, R., Hendricks, K., Jha, V., Harris, D. (2021). Nephrology Worldwide: A Perspective from the International Society of Nephrology. In: Moura-Neto, J.A., Divino-Filho, J.C., Ronco, C. (eds) Nephrology Worldwide. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56890-0_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56890-0_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-56889-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-56890-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation