Skip to main content
Book cover

Policing in an Age of Reform pp 193–212Cite as

Palgrave Macmillan

Tools for a New Situational Policing

Part of the Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies book series (PCPS )

Abstract

This chapter builds on the ideas in Chapters 2 and 5 by presenting a number of essential tools for a new situational policing. By envisioning strong, safe places as the ultimate goal of policing, these tools help the police and communities engage in dialogue, act together, and assess progress towards this desired end. The “strong neighbourhood” goal sets up a new game which requires the police to work with the community to create an atmosphere where residents are willing to intervene for the common good and the police are there to help. The new game requires new concepts, tools, and strategies which are the focus of this chapter.

Key Terms

  • Situational policing
  • Neighbourhood dynamics
  • Psychodynamic processes
  • Police reform

This work was supported in part by The Office of Community Oriented Policing [Cooperative Agreement Number 2007-CK-WX-K009 to James Nolan].

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-56765-1_12
  • Chapter length: 20 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-030-56765-1
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Hardcover Book
USD   149.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 12.1
Fig. 12.2

Notes

  1. 1.

    Transformational reform was identified in Chapter 2 of this volume as one of four types of reform. It implies that the game on the field has changed along with methods for achieving the new goals.

  2. 2.

    The concepts of neighbourhood dynamics and neighbourhood atmosphere are described fully in Chapter 5 of this volume and so will not be repeated here.

References

  • Brantingham, P. L., & Brantingham, P. J. (1995). Location quotients and crime hot spots in the city. In C. R. Block, M. Dabdoub, & S. Fregly (Eds.), Crime analysis through computer mapping (pp. 129–149). Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffee, D., Renauer, B. C., Scott, J. D., Chermak, S., & McGarrell, E. F. (2006). Community building measures: How police and neighbourhood groups can measure their collaboration. National Institute of Justice. Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/213134.pdf.

  • Hinkle, J. C. (2013). The relationship between disorder, perceived risk, and collective efficacy: A look into the indirect pathways of the broken windows thesis. Criminal Justice Studies, 26(4), 408–432.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hinkle, J. C., & Yang, S. M. (2014). A new look into broken windows: What shapes individuals’ perceptions of social disorder? Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(1), 26–35.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Kelling, G., & Coles, C. (1996). Fixing broken windows: Restoring order and reducing crime in our communities. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markovic, J. (2009). Neighbourhoods matter: A situational policing perspective. Geography and Public Safety, 2(2). Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice. Retrieved from https://nij.ojp.gov/library/publications/neighbourhoods-matter-situational-policing-perspective.

  • Mayer, S. E., & Jencks, C. (1989). Poverty and the distribution of material hardship. Journal of Human Resources, 24(1), 88–114.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Nolan, J., Conti, N., & McDevitt, J. (2004). Situational policing: Neighbourhood development and crime control. Policing & Society, 14(2), 99–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nolan, J., Conti, N., & McDevitt, J. (2005). Situational policing. Law Enforcement Bulletin. Federal Bureau of Investigation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sampson, R. J., & Raudenbush, S. (1999). Systematic social observation in public spaces: A new look at disorder in urban neighbourhoods. American Journal of Sociology, 105(3), 603–651.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Skogan, W. (1990). Disorder and decline: Crime and the spatial decay in American cities. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisburd, D., & Braga, A. (2006). Police innovation: Contrasting perspectives. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. Q., & Kelling, G. L. (1982). Broken windows: Police and neighbourhood safety. The Atlantic Monthly, 249, 29–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S., Hinkle, J. C., & Wyckoff, L. A. (2018). Using multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) techniques to examine the convergent and discriminant validity of social disorder. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 55(5), 571–608.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. M., & Pao, C. C. (2015). Do we “see” the same thing? An experimental look into the black box of disorder perception. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 52(4), 534–566.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology & Anthropology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    James J. Nolan

  2. Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Joshua C. Hinkle

Authors
  1. James J. Nolan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Joshua C. Hinkle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to James J. Nolan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Prof. James J. Nolan

  2. Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivière, Québec, QC, Canada

    Prof. Frank Crispino

  3. School of Justice Studies, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK

    Dr. Timothy Parsons

Appendix

Appendix

The appendix of this chapter includes the following tools for Situational Policing: Neighbourhood Dynamics Instrument (NDI), Systematic Social Observation Worksheet.

Neighbourhood Development Instrument (NDI)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Nolan, J.J., Hinkle, J.C. (2021). Tools for a New Situational Policing. In: Nolan, J.J., Crispino, F., Parsons, T. (eds) Policing in an Age of Reform. Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56765-1_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56765-1_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-56764-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-56765-1

  • eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)