Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Enzymatic Tissue Biotests (MAO and AChE Biotests) and Bioindicators

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Macro, Micro, and Nano-Biosensors

Abstract

A review of results in the development of biosensor systems and biotests using enzyme tissue preparations is presented. Three types of sensory systems are considered:

  1. 1.

    Tissue sections and homogenates of the rat liver, which have high monoamine oxidase activity (MAO, monoamine O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.4.3.4). The analytical range for tryptamine, serotonin, tyramine, dopamine, and noradrenaline is 10−4–10−2 M. The indicator biotests can be used for the determination of biogenic monoamines in solutions, inhibitors, and promoters of MAO (e.g., for the primary screening of pharmacological compounds affecting the activity of MAO).

  2. 2.

    Tissue samples with high acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE, КФ 3.1.1.7). The sensitivity of the AChE test for the tested inhibitors is shown to be for eserin and neostigmine ~10−5 M.

  3. 3.

    Whole plants (apical root meristem, etc). A system for using the Allium test for determining cytostatics in pharmacology and ecology is developed. We studied blocking mitoses in the S-phase of the cell cycle by amethopterin (methotrexate). The developed biotests may be used in the system of primary screening of various natural and artificial compounds in ecology, pharmacology, and biosafety.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

ACh:

Acetylcholine

AChE:

Acetylcholine hydrolase

AntiChEs:

Anticholinesterase activity

BCh:

Butyrylcholine

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

ChE:

Cholinesterase

DTPDD:

2,2-Dithio-bis-(p-phenyleneazo)-bis-(1-oxy-8-chlorine-3,6)-disulfur acid

Fast Red TR:

4-Chloro-2-methylbenzenediazonium salt (or 4-chloro-2-methylaniline hydrochloride)

MAO:

Monoamine: oxygen oxidoreductase

References

  • Apukhtin V, Bezzubov I, Yu M, Nikolaeva M, Samokish V, Statsevich V (1991) Anticholinesterase pesticide detection matrix action. A.S. 1701749, Bull Inv N 48:4

    Google Scholar 

  • Arambasic M, Bjelic S, Subakov G (1995) Aсute toxicity of heavy metals (cooper, lead, zinc), phenol and sodium on Allium cepa L., Lepidium sativum L. and Daphnia magna St. – comparative investigation and the practical applications. Water Res 29:497–503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold M (1986) Potentiometric sensors using whole tissue sections. Ion-Sel Electr Rev 8:85–113

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atta-Ur-Rahman FN, Akhtar F, Choudhary M, Khalid A (2000) New norditerpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum falconeri. J Nat Prod 63:1393–1395

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atta-Ur-Rahman PS, Khalid A, Farooq A, Choudhary M (2001) Acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase-inhibiting triterpenoid alkaloids from Buxus papillosa. Phytochemistry 58:963–968

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atta-Ur-Rahman A, Choudhary M, Tsuda Y, Sener B, Khalid A, Parvez M (2002) New steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria imperialis and their cholinesterase inhibiting activities. Chem Pharm Bull 50:1013–1016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atta-Ur-Rahman A, Atia-Tul-Wahab NS, Choudhary I (2004a) New cholinesterase inhibiting bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Cocculus pendulus. Chem Pharm Bull 52:802–806

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Augustinsson KB (1963) Classification and comparative enzymology of the cholinesterases and methods of their determination. In: Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterase Agents. (Ed G.B. Koelle). Handbuch der Experimentale Pharmacologie. Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 15: 89–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Atta-ur-Rahman FF, Naeem I, Zaheer-ul-Haq NS, Khan N, Khan R, Choudhary M (2004b) New pregnane-type their steroidal alkaloids from Sarcococca saligna and cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Steroids 69:735–741

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Badilevsku F, Bogoda Р, Clobanie О (1983) Paper-indecateur pour la detection de substances organophosphorigues inhibiteurs de cholinesterase. Pat RO 82028, GOl 31/22

    Google Scholar 

  • Balcere D, Grinberg B, Prikulis A, Nikolskaya E, Yagodina O (1989) A method for the quantitative determination of biogenic monoamines. Discover Invention 40:130 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Beuret E, Pont V (1987) Un biotest simple pour metter en evidence l’action des herbecides sur la membrane plasmique. Rev Suisse Vitic Arboric Hortic 19:323–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Braune W, Leman A, Taubert H (1967) Pflanzenantomisches praktikum, vol 60. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp 67–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (1991) Biosensor for catecholamines with immobilized MAO in tissue sections. Analytica Chim Acta 249:71–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (1999) Methods of histochemical analysis of acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE histochemistry for fifty years). Neurochemistry 16:103–117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2001) Enzymatic biosensors in neurochemistry. Neurochemistry 18:75–79

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2004) Photometric determination of substances in paper matrices using digital recording of images of matrices in transmitted light. Zhurn Anal Chem 59:791–795

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2012a) Bioindication. Palmarium Academic Publ, Saarbrucken, 137 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2012b) Elodea “Atlas of leaf micromorphology” State Educational Portal of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Electronic atlas. http://www.informika, Single window for access to educational resources

  • Budantsev A (2013a) The Allium test: injection of test compounds into the bulb. Biotech Histochem 88:323–328

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2013b) The growth of roots and green leaves of Allium cepa L. after the remove different parts of bulb. Am J Plant Sci 4:972–975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2019a) The effect of the Bowen fixative on the morphology of hair cells of stamens filaments of Tradescantia (morphometric analysis). Cytology 61:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A (2019b) The effect of formaldehyde and Clark’s fixative on the morphology of hair cells of stamens filaments of Tradescantia (morphometric analysis). Cytology 61:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Budantseva T (2005) Photometric analysis of paper tests using microplate photometers. Zhurn anal Chem 60:794–797

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Guryanova A (1975) Monoamine oxidase Usp. Mod Biol 79:184–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Kornilova O (2011) Morphometric analysis of Elodea leaf cells (Elodea canadensis Michx.). Basic Res (rus) 7:192–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Kutyshenko V (2014) Measurement of the dynamics of root growth using the Allium test. Basic Res (rus) 6:1393–1396

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Roshchina V (2004) Testing alkaloids as acetylcholinesterase activity inhibitors. Farmatsiya (Moscow) 5:37–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Roshchina V (2007) Chapter 11. Cholinesterase activity as a biosensor reaction for natural allelochemicals: pesticides and pharmaceuticals. In: Roshchina VV, Narwal SS (eds) Cell diagnostics. Images, biophysical and biochemical processes in allelopathy. Science Publisher/Taylor and Francis Group, Enfield, Jersey/Plymouth, pp 127–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Zarikova A (1976) On the method of Glenner for the histochemical demonstration of the MAO. Histochemistry 48:335–345

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Zhiromsky V, Kovaleva M, Litvinva E (1995) Reflective photometry of indicator biotests (IBT) for biogenic amines. Opt Technol 1:11–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Litvinova E, Kovaleva M (1997) Indicator paper on biogenic amines. Zhurn Anal Chem 52:539–542

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Uversky V, Kutyshenko V (2010) Analysis of the metabolites in apical area of Allium Cepa roots by high resolution NMR spectroscopy method. Protein Pept Lett 17:86–91

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Molchanov M, Kutyshenko V, Ivanitsky G (2012) From fragments to morphogenesis: NMR spectroscopy of metabolites in onion root apex. Doklady Russ Acad Sci 442:828–832

    Google Scholar 

  • Budantsev A, Demyanov A, Pogorelova M (2018) Micrometric analysis hair cells of stamens filaments Tradescantia. Cytology 60:653–658

    Google Scholar 

  • Dettbarn WD (1962) Acetylcholinesterase activity in Nitella. Nature. 194: 1175–1176

    Google Scholar 

  • Deуsson G (1968) Antimitotiс substanсes. Int Rev Cytol 24:99–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellman G, Courtney K, Andres V, Featherstone R (1961) A new rapid colorimetric Determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 7:88–95

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evseeva T, Geraskin S (2001) Combined effect of factors of radiation and non-radiation nature on tradescantia. Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, p 156

    Google Scholar 

  • Evtyugin G, Budnikov G, Nikolskaya E (1999) Biosensors for the determination of enzyme inhibitors in the environment. Success Chem (rus) 68:1142–1167

    Google Scholar 

  • Evtyugin G, Budnikov G, Nikolskaya E (2002) Biochemical tests based on stabilization preparations of cholinesterases – new approaches. J Anal Chem (rus) 57:1127–1132

    Google Scholar 

  • Finberg J, Youdim М (1983) Monoamineoxidase. In: Lajtha А (ed) Наndbооk of neurochemistry, vol 4, 2nd edn, New York/London, pp 293–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiskesj G (1985) The Allium-test as a standard in environmental monitoring. Hereditas 102:99–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fiskesj G (1995) The Allium-test. In: O’Hare S, Atterwill C, Totowa N (eds) Methods in molecular biology. Ch. 43. In vivo toxicity testing protocols. Humana Press Inc, pp 119–127

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiskesj G, Levan A (1993) Evolution of the first ten MEIC chemicals in the Allium test. ATLA 21:139–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleisher J, Spear S, Роре E (1955) Stable cholinesterase preparations at laboratory standards of activity. Anal Chem 27:126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fluck R, Jaffe M (1974) Cholinesterases from plant tissues VI Distribution and subcellular localization in Phaseolus aureus Roxb. Plant Physiol 53:752–758

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Glenner G, Burthner Н (1957) The histochemical demonstration of monoamine oxidase activity by tetrazolium salts. Histochem Cytochem 5:591–602

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldovsky A (1961) Anabiosis, 1st edn. Science, Leningrad (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorkin V (1976) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and the transformation oxidases. In: Monoamine oxidase and its inhibition, Ciba foundation symposia 39. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 61–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorkin V (1981) Aminoxidases and their importance in medicine. Moscow, Medicine (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorkin V, Ovchinnikova L (1993) The aminoxidase system: modern advances in the study of nature, functions and their disorders. Questions Honey. Chemistry 39:2–10

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorska-Brylass A, Smolinski DJ (1992) Ultrastuctral localization of acetylcholinesterase activity in stomata of Marchantia polymorpha L. Electron Microscopy 3:439–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorun V, Proinov I, Baltescu V, Balaban G, Barzu O (1978) Modified Ellman procedure for assay of cholinesterases in crude enzymatic preparations. Anal Biochem 86:324–326

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guide to short-term tests for the detection of mutagenic and carcinogenic chemicals. Hygienic criteria for the state of the environment (1989). Geneva: WHO 51: 212

    Google Scholar 

  • Halamek Е, Tusarova I (1994) Biosensor for detection of distinguishing between cholinesterase inhibitors. WO 94/05808, C12N 11/12, patent No 02143617

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris H, Hopkinson D, Robson E (1962) Two-dimensional electrophoresis of pseudocholinesterase components in normal human serum. Nature 196:1296–1297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hejl A, Koster K (2004) Juglone disrupts root plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and impairs water uptake, root respiration and growth in Soyabean (Glycine max) and Corn (Zea mays). J Chem Eco 30:453–471

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ichikawa S, Sparrow A, Thompson K (1969) Morphologically abnormal cells, somatic mutations and loss of reproductive integrity in irradiated Tradescantia stamen hairs. Radiat Bot 9:195–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ipatova I, Dmitrieva A (2009) Toxicity assessment of heavy metals using higher aquatic plants. Ecol Syst Devices 1:59–62 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kakariari E, Georgalaki M, Kalantzopoulos G, Tsakalidou E (2000) Purification and characterization of an intracellular esterase from Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp freudenreichii ITG 14. Lait 80:491–501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karnovsky M, Roots L (1964) A direct colouring method for Cholinesterase. J Histochem Cytochem 2:219–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu D, Jiang W, Wang W, Zhai I (1995) Evolution of metal ion toxicity on root tip cells by the Allium test. Israel J Plant Sci 43:125–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mashkovekiy M, Andreeva N, Polezhaev A (1983) Pharmacology of antidepressants. Moscow (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Menten M, Junge J, Green M (1944) A coupling histochemical azo dye test for alkaline phosphatase in the kidney. J Biol Chem 153:471–477

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mersey B, МсCully M (1978) Monitoring of thе сoursе of fixation of plant сеlls. J Microsc 114:49–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyerson L, McMurtrey K, Davis V (1978) A rapid and sensitive potentiometric assay for monoamine oxidase using an ammonia-selective electrodes. Anal Biochem 86:287–297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nachlas M, Seligman A (1949) The histochemical demonstration of esterase. J Nat Cancer Inst 9:415–425

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nasonov E (2005) Methotrexate. Prospects for use in rheumatology. Filomatis, Moscow, p 196 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nevozhaj D, Budzynskaya R, Kan’skaya U, Yagello M, Boratyn’skay Y (2006) Modern ideas about the mechanism of antineoplastic action of methotrexate and resistance to it. Pac Med J 4:12–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Olette R, Couderchet M, Biagianti S, Eullaffroy P (2008) Toxicity and removal of pesticides by selected aquatic plants. Chemosphere 70:1414–1421

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Osipova R, Shevchenko V (1984) The use of Tradescantia (clones 02 and 4430) in studies of radiation and chemical mutagenesis. J Gen Biol 95:226–232 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Perevodchikova N (2005) Handbook an chemotherapy of cancers. Practical medicine, 2nd edn. Moskow, 698 pp. (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prokopov A, Svyatkovsky E, Nikolsky E, Kuzektsova L (1992) A.S. USSR number SU1745769 A1. BI No. 25 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rechnitz G, Arnold M, Meyerhoff M (1979) Bio-selective membrane electrode using slices. Nature 278:466–467

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roginsky S, Shnol S (1963) Isotopes in biochemistry, 1st edn. USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina V (2001) Neurotransmitters in plant life. Science Pub L, Enfield, Plymouth, 283 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina V (2018) Cholinesterase in secreting cells and isolated organelles. Biol Membr (rus) 35:143–149

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina V (2019) Tools for microanalysis of the neurotransmitter location in plant cells. In: Ramakrishna A, Roshchina VV (eds) Neurotransmitters in plants, perspectives and applications. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 135–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina VV, Roshchina VD (2003) Ozone and plant cell. Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht/Boston/London, 267 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina V, Melnikova E, Kovaleva L, Spiridonov N (1994) Cholinesterase of pollen grains. Dokl Biol Sci 337:424–427

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roshchina V, Prizova N, Khaibulaeva L (2019) Allelopathy experiments with Chara algae model. Histochemical analysis of the participation of neurotransmitter systems in water inhabitation. Allelopath J 46:17–24. https://doi.org/10.26651/alleleo.j/2019-46-1-1195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samuilov V (2001) Programmed cell death in plants. Soros Edu J 10:12–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Savelev S, Okello E, Perry N, Wilkins R, Perry E (2003) Synergistic and antagonistic interactions of anticholinesterase terpenoids in Salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 75:661–668

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma R, Gupta R (2007) Cyperus rotundus extract inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity from animal and plants as well as inhibits germination and seedling growth in wheat and tomato. Life Sci 80:2389–2392

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma R, Gupta R (2019) Role of acetylcholine system in allelopathy in plants. In: Ramakrishna A, Roshchina VV (eds) Neurotransmitters in plants. Perspectives and applications. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 243–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinovets S, Pyatkova S, Kozmin G (2009) Experimental substantiation of the use of the allium test in radioecological monitoring. News of Higher Educational Institutions. Nucl Energy 1:32–38 (rus)

    Google Scholar 

  • Terner E, Karube I, Vilson JN. (Eds.) (1992) Biosensors, Translate to Rus., Moscow, p 34

    Google Scholar 

  • Truhaut R, Deysson G (1964) Sur les properietes animitotiques des antifoloques. Recherches a l’aide du test Allium. Biochem Pharmacol 13:1197–1207

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turi C, Axwik K, Smith A, Jones A, Saxena P, Murch S (2014) Galanthamine, an anticholinesterase drug, effects plant growth and development in Artemisia tridentata Nutt.via modulation of auxin and neurotransmitter signalling. Plant Signal Behav 9. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.28645

  • Ulrichova J, Walterova D, Preininger V, Slavik J, Lenfeld J, Cushman M, Simanek V (1983) Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by some isiquinoline alkaloids. Planta Medica 48: 111–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Underbrink A, Sparrow L, Sparrow A, Rossi H (1970) Relative biological effectiveness of R- rays and 0,43-MeV monoenergetic neutrons on somatic mutation and loss of reproductive integrity in Tradescantia stamen hairs. Radiat Res 44:187–203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zolotov Y (1997) Chemical analysis without laboratories: test methods. Her Russ Acad Sci 67:508–513 (rus)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Раrе С (1976) Introduction to clinical aspects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in the treatment of depression. Monoamine Oxidase and its inhibition. Ciba Foundation Symp, vol 39. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 271–296

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Arkadii Yustianovich Budantsev

  2. Institute of Cell Biophysics, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina

Authors
  1. Arkadii Yustianovich Budantsev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

  2. Laboratory of Biosensors, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Anatoly Reshetilov

  3. Laboratory of Biosensors, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Yulia Plekhanova

  4. Department of Biotechnology Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil

    Avinash P Ingle

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Budantsev, A.Y., Roshchina, V.V. (2021). Enzymatic Tissue Biotests (MAO and AChE Biotests) and Bioindicators. In: Rai, M., Reshetilov, A., Plekhanova, Y., Ingle, A.P. (eds) Macro, Micro, and Nano-Biosensors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55490-3_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation