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Macro, Micro, and Nano-Biosensors pp 37–55Cite as

Enzymatic Tissue Biotests (MAO and AChE Biotests) and Bioindicators

Abstract

A review of results in the development of biosensor systems and biotests using enzyme tissue preparations is presented. Three types of sensory systems are considered:

  1. 1.

    Tissue sections and homogenates of the rat liver, which have high monoamine oxidase activity (MAO, monoamine O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.4.3.4). The analytical range for tryptamine, serotonin, tyramine, dopamine, and noradrenaline is 10−4–10−2 M. The indicator biotests can be used for the determination of biogenic monoamines in solutions, inhibitors, and promoters of MAO (e.g., for the primary screening of pharmacological compounds affecting the activity of MAO).

  2. 2.

    Tissue samples with high acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE, КФ 3.1.1.7). The sensitivity of the AChE test for the tested inhibitors is shown to be for eserin and neostigmine ~10−5 M.

  3. 3.

    Whole plants (apical root meristem, etc). A system for using the Allium test for determining cytostatics in pharmacology and ecology is developed. We studied blocking mitoses in the S-phase of the cell cycle by amethopterin (methotrexate). The developed biotests may be used in the system of primary screening of various natural and artificial compounds in ecology, pharmacology, and biosafety.

Keywords

  • Tissue biotests
  • MAO biotest
  • AСhE biotest
  • Root meristem
  • Allium test
  • Test bioprobes (plant cells)

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Fig. 3.1
Fig. 3.2
Fig. 3.3
Fig. 3.4
Fig. 3.5

Abbreviations

ACh:

Acetylcholine

AChE:

Acetylcholine hydrolase

AntiChEs:

Anticholinesterase activity

BCh:

Butyrylcholine

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

ChE:

Cholinesterase

DTPDD:

2,2-Dithio-bis-(p-phenyleneazo)-bis-(1-oxy-8-chlorine-3,6)-disulfur acid

Fast Red TR:

4-Chloro-2-methylbenzenediazonium salt (or 4-chloro-2-methylaniline hydrochloride)

MAO:

Monoamine: oxygen oxidoreductase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Arkadii Yustianovich Budantsev

  2. Institute of Cell Biophysics, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia

    Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina

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  1. Arkadii Yustianovich Budantsev
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  2. Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Prof. Mahendra Rai

  2. Laboratory of Biosensors, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Prof. Anatoly Reshetilov

  3. Laboratory of Biosensors, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Dr. Yulia Plekhanova

  4. Department of Biotechnology Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil

    Avinash P Ingle

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Budantsev, A.Y., Roshchina, V.V. (2021). Enzymatic Tissue Biotests (MAO and AChE Biotests) and Bioindicators. In: Rai, M., Reshetilov, A., Plekhanova, Y., Ingle, A.P. (eds) Macro, Micro, and Nano-Biosensors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55490-3_3

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