Abstract
In light of the Peace Accord between the Colombian government and the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) in 2016, the chapter scrutinises present-day dilemmas and obstacles to a sustainable settlement capable of addressing the long-term developmental inequities of Colombia. It is expected that as Colombia becomes more integrated in the globalised economy, the many parties involved in the conflict will increasingly realise that they have more to gain with peace than otherwise and that this will pave the way to a renewed effort towards peace. Yet despite its many promises, as of now, the peace negotiations have primarily served as a means of potentially boosting the economy and facilitating access to leading business groups and foreign investors to Colombian resources rather than as a transformative move towards much-needed political and economic inclusivity. In fact, disturbing continuities between the inequalities that deepened during the protracted civil war and elements of peace agreement have been increasingly noticeable since 2016.
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Notes
- 1.
‘Colombian Government and FARC Reach New Peace Deal,’ The Guardian, 13 November 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/13/colombian-government-and-farc-reach-new-peace-deal. Accessed 21 June 2017.
- 2.
‘Colombia’s Congress Approves Peace Accord with FARC,’ New York Times, 30 November 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/30/world/americas/colombia-farc-accord-juan-manuel-santos.html?_r=0. Accessed 23 June 2017.
- 3.
“Resultado del Plebiscito: Un País Dividido entre Periferia e Interior”, El Tiempo, 2 October 2016, http://www.eltiempo.com/politica/proceso-de-paz/resultado-por-ciudades-de-votacion-en-plebiscito-2016-46988. Accessed 2 February 2018.
- 4.
‘Estos Son los Principales Actores que Ganan con el “No” del Plebiscito,’ El Tiempo, 2 October 2016, http://www.eltiempo.com/politica/proceso-de-paz/quien-gano-el-plebiscito-en-colombia-50450. Accessed 2 February 2018.
- 5.
Before the 2003 energy reforms, the Colombian oil and gas industry was controlled by Ecopetrol S.A., a state-owned oil and gas company and industry regulator. The reforms removed regulatory functions from Ecopetrol and opened Colombia to international competition. These reforms made investments in energy exploration and production more attractive to international companies (more than US$ 4.8 billion in 2014, about 30% of total foreign direct investment).
- 6.
‘Álvaro Uribe Vélez: Ex presidente de la República y Senador,’ La Silla Vacía, 10 May 2017, http://lasillavacia.com/quienesquien/perfilquien/alvaro-uribe-velez. Accessed 24 June 2017; Aldo Cívico, “Uribe y una Justicia de Doble Rasero,” El Espectador, 13 September 2016, http://www.elespectador.com/opinion/opinion/uribe-y-una-justicia-de-doble-rasero-columna-654573. Accessed 24 June 2017.
- 7.
The Nobel Peace Prize for 2016. https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2016/press.html. Accessed 15 November 2016.
- 8.
Fundación Paz y Reconciliación, http://www.pares.com.co. Accessed 20 November 2016.
- 9.
100 Preguntas de la Alianza del Pacífico. http://www.mincit.gov.co/tlc/publicaciones/7180/100_preguntas_de_la_alianza_del_pacifico. Accessed 21 June 2017.
- 10.
“China and Latin America in 2016,” Council on Hemispheric Affairs, 16 August 2016, http://www.coha.org/china-and-latin-america-in-2016. Accessed 16 November 2016.
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Ioris, R.R., Ioris, A.A.R. (2021). Colombia’s Developmental and Socioecological Trajectory and the Mounting Risks Associated with the 2016 Havana Accord. In: Ioris, A.A.R. (eds) Environment and Development . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55416-3_7
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