Abstract
Global statistics show that the biopesticides market is far behind as compared to their chemical counterparts. Therefore, in order to increase their share in the global market, low-cost mass production technologies need to be developed. The most exploited genus in the biopesticide industry is Trichoderma whose formulation is developed using various organic and inorganic carriers either through solid or liquid fermentation technologies. However, the major trouble faced by both farmers and manufacturers regarding the bioproduct is the instability of the developed product under different environmental conditions. Therefore, through this chapter, we have tried to summarize the various production technologies with necessary precautions to be taken for making a successful Trichoderma product for the end users.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Al-Taweil HI, Osman MB, Aidil AH, Yussof WM (2009) Optimizing of Trichoderma viride cultivation in submerged state fermentation. Am J Appl Sci 6(7):1284
Bhat KA, Anwar A, Lone GM, Hussain K, Nazir G (2009) Shelf life of liquid fermented product of Trichoderma harzianum in talc. J Mycol Plant Pathol 39:263
Flodman HR, Noureddini H (2013) Effects of intermittent mechanical mixing on solid-state fermentation of wet corn distillers grain with Trichoderma reesei. Biochem Eng J 81:24–28
Fraceto LF, Maruyama CR, Guilger M, Mishra S, Keswani C, Singh HB, de Lima R (2018) Trichoderma harzianum-based novel formulations: potential applications for management of next-gen agricultural challenges. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 93(8):2056–2063
Hardy N, Augier F, Nienow AW, Béal C, Chaabane FB (2017) Scale-up agitation criteria for Trichoderma reesei fermentation. Chem Eng Sci 172:158–168
Keswani C, Bisen K, Singh V, Sarma BK, Singh HB (2016) Formulation technology of biocontrol agents: present status and future prospect. In: Bioformulations: for sustainable agriculture. Springer, New Delhi, pp 35–52
Kumari TGV, Basu K, Nitya TG, Varma A, Kharkwal AC (2014) Isolation and screening of alkali tolerant trichoderma spp. as biocontrol agent for alkaline agriculture soil. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 6(10,1):512–516
Kumar S, Thakur M, Rani A (2014) Trichoderma: mass production, formulation, quality control, delivery and its scope in commercialization in India for the management of plant diseases. Afr J Agric Res 9(53):3838–3852
Lejeune R, Baron GV (1995) Effect of agitation on growth and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei in batch fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 43(2):249–258
Ming S, Rong J, Zhang C, Li C, Zhang C, Zhang Y et al (2019) The solid fermentation state’s optimization of Trichoderma Harzianum M1. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 612(2):022111
Mishra PK, Khan FN (2015) Effect of different growth media and physical factors on biomass production of Trichoderma viride. People 8(2):11
Olaniyi OO, Oyesiji YV (2015) Stimulatory effect of physicochemical factors on the expression of cellulase by Trichoderma viride NSPRT23. Microbiol J 5(58):67
Ortiz GE, Guitart ME, Cavalitto SF, Albertó EO, Fernández-Lahore M, Blasco M (2015) Characterization, optimization, and scale-up of cellulases production by Trichoderma reesei cbs 836.91 in solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial products. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 38(11):2117–2128
Prasad RD, Rangeshwaran R (2000) A modified liquid medium for mass production of Trichoderma harzianum by fermentation process. Plant Dis Res 15(2):209–211
Ramanujam B, Prasad RD, Sriram S, Rangeswaran R (2010) Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management. J Plant Prot Sci 2(2):1–8
Schmidt FR (2005) Optimization and scale up of industrial fermentation processes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 68(4):425–435
Singh PC, Nautiyal CS (2012) A novel method to prepare concentrated conidial biomass formulation of Trichoderma harzianum for seed application. J Appl Microbiol 113(6):1442–1450
Singh HB, Singh BN, Singh SP, Sarma BK (2013) Exploring different avenues of Trichoderma as a potent bio-fungicidal and plant growth promoting candidate-an overview. Annu Review Plant Pathol 5:315
Singh A, Shahid M, Srivastava M, Pandey S, Sharma A, Kumar V (2014a) Optimal physical parameters for growth of Trichoderma species at varying pH, temperature and agitation. Virol Mycol 3(1):127–134
Singh A, Sarma BK, Singh HB, Upadhyay RS (2014b) Trichoderma: a silent worker of plant rhizosphere. In: Biotechnology and biology of Trichoderma. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 533–542
Smits JP, Rinzema A, Tramper J, Van Sonsbeek HM, Knol W (1996) Solid-state fermentation of wheat bran by Trichoderma reesei QM941. Microbiol Biotechnol 46(5–6):489–496
Tribe LA, Briens CL, Margaritis A (1995) Determination of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) using the dynamic “gas out–gas in” method: analysis of errors caused by dissolved oxygen probes. Biotechnol Bioeng 46(4):388–392
Vrabl P, Schinagl CW, Artmann DJ, Heiss B, Burgstaller W (2019) Fungal growth in batch culture-what we could benefit if we start looking closer. Front Microbiol 10:2391
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Prakash, V., Basu, K. (2020). Mass Multiplication of Trichoderma in Bioreactors. In: Manoharachary, C., Singh, H.B., Varma, A. (eds) Trichoderma: Agricultural Applications and Beyond. Soil Biology, vol 61. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54758-5_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54758-5_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-54757-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-54758-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)