Abstract
From the last few decades, environmental pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world. Increased industrialization has caused a serious problem of water pollution as it has led to the discharge of toxic and hazardous chemicals into the water bodies. Dyes are the main class of organic compounds that pollute the water. Hence, their effective removal is inescapable. The presence of metal ions is also a serious problem. Due to low volatility, chemical stability, and chelating abilities of ionic liquids, the application of functionalized ionic liquids can effectively reduce the amount of these pollutants.
In this chapter, the properties of ionic liquids which make them suitable for wastewater treatment are presented, and design ability of the functionalized ionic liquids/task-specific ionic liquids provides better opportunities to change the structures in cation and anion to achieve functionalized ionic liquid for specific pollutant removal. Therefore, recent applications of functionalized ionic liquids for the treatment of metal ions and different dyes are discussed. Later, a case study on the photodegradation with possible mechanisms of organic dyes, namely, methylene blue and congo red using a synthesized polymer-supported ionic liquid Fe-porphyrin complex is presented. Catalyst loadings of 10 mg and 12.5 mg at constant time of 60 min are found to be a better choice for the photodegradation of methylene blue and congo red dyes, respectively. The highest photodegradations of methylene blue and congo red are found to be ~78% and ~ 99%, respectively.
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The authors acknowledge SIF DST-VITFIST, the SEM facility at SBST, and RGEMS (VIT, Vellore) for allowing them to use the analytical instruments.
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Patle, D.S., Khajone, V., Bhagat, P.R., Jaiswal, A.K., Kumar, S. (2021). Functionalized Ionic Liquids for the Photodegradation of Dyes. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M.I., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Water Pollution and Remediation: Photocatalysis. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 57. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54723-3_12
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