Abstract
Congenital joint stiffness (arthrogryposis multiplex congenita; AMC; amyoplasia) and congenital or acquired muscle spasticity (spastic cerebral palsy (SCP); unilateral or bilateral spastic cerebral palsy, spastic paresis) represent two characteristic paralytic disorders of the upper extremity.
Patients with AMC have normal sensitivity and proprioception, whereas in spastic disorders, there are defects in central movement planning, execution and proprioceptive feedback functions.
Patients with AMC make optimum use of their involved extremities despite extremely limited ranges of motion and strength deficits. Patients with SCP show different degrees of functional loss depending on the extent of the central nervous system damage. The therapeutic consequences are therefore fundamentally different. In AMC patients, they constitute the best possible joint flexibility and muscle function realized through corrective efforts for their joint deformities. In spastic disorders, contracture prevention, exercise treatment and correction of established deformities predominate.
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Döderlein, L., Dussa, C.U. (2021). Neuro-Orthopaedic Management of Congenital Joint Stiffness and Muscle Spasticity. In: Bahm, J. (eds) Movement Disorders of the Upper Extremities in Children. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53622-0_16
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