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Urban-Rural Differences in Respiratory Tract Infections in Medieval and Early Modern Polish Subadult Samples

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The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization

Part of the book series: Bioarchaeology and Social Theory ((BST))

Abstract

The process of urbanization in medieval Europe brought spatial, political, economic, and social changes when compared to rural environments that had an impact on the biology of urban residents. This chapter deals with two contrasting, pre-urban and rural, contexts in Polish territories in the medieval and early modern period.

Skeletal remains of individuals under 20 years of age have been examined for indicators of upper respiratory infections, i.e., maxillary sinusitis and otitis media, and lower respiratory diseases causing inflammatory periosteal reaction on ribs in order to test the hypothesis that early urbanization resulted in higherrates of respiratory tract diseases, including infections (RTI) in proto-urban than in ruralsubadults.

We found more RTI cases in the proto-urbansubadults than their rural peers: 18.0% vs. 7.1% for maxillary sinusitis, 53.4% vs. 39.0% for auditory ossicles changes, and 28.8% vs. 16.5% for riblesions, respectively. The results were statistically significant for the frequency of riblesions and ear ossicleserosion. As there are shared aspects of urbanization throughout history, bioarchaeological research on the effect of urbanization on humanhealth can provide a historical context to the effects of urbanized lifestyles on health and well-being in changing ruralsocieties in moderntimes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland

    Marta Krenz-Niedbała & Sylwia Łukasik

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  1. Marta Krenz-Niedbała
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  2. Sylwia Łukasik
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Correspondence to Marta Krenz-Niedbała .

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  1. Department of Anthropology, SUNY Oneonta, Oneonta, NY, USA

    Tracy K. Betsinger

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Sharon N. DeWitte

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Krenz-Niedbała, M., Łukasik, S. (2020). Urban-Rural Differences in Respiratory Tract Infections in Medieval and Early Modern Polish Subadult Samples. In: Betsinger, T.K., DeWitte, S.N. (eds) The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization. Bioarchaeology and Social Theory. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53417-2_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53417-2_10

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