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Nuclear Imaging in Frontotemporal Dementia

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PET and SPECT in Neurology

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Abstract

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) covers a range of heterogeneous neurodegenerative syndromes, predominantly affecting the frontal and temporal lobes (frontotemporal lobar degeneration or FTLD). Most patients present with behavioural deficits, executive dysfunction and language difficulties. FTD presents as clinically recognized subtypes with behavioural manifestation (FTD-b) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA), which can be divided into semantic dementia (SD), progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) and logopenic aphasia (LPA). FTD is a common type of dementia, particularly at younger age. The underlying neuropathological process of FTLD leads to the clinical phenotype and can be characterized roughly in tauopathy (FTD-TAU) and TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) pathology. Genetics is an important causal factor for FTD, and genetic heterogeneity is reflected by the identification of mutations in causative genes. Diagnostic criteria have modest sensitivity, and it may be challenging to differentiate FTD from psychiatric disorders or other types of dementia, especially AD. Advances in molecular imaging have increased the accuracy of FTD diagnosis, and nuclear imaging techniques improve the understanding of the molecular basis of FTD, which is important to develop rational therapies. Although currently no effective treatment is available for FTD, early and correct diagnosis is necessary for adequate clinical management, because of prognostic implications and for genetic counselling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Fransje E. Reesink & Peter Paul De Deyn

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Gilles N. Stormezand

  3. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx

  4. Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, Born Bunge Foundation, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

    Peter Paul De Deyn

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  1. Fransje E. Reesink
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  2. Gilles N. Stormezand
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  3. Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx
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  4. Peter Paul De Deyn
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Correspondence to Fransje E. Reesink .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx

  2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Medical Engineering and Computer Science, Offenburg University, Offenburg, Germany

    Andreas Otte

  3. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Erik F. J. de Vries

  4. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Aren van Waarde

  5. Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Klaus L. Leenders

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Reesink, F.E., Stormezand, G.N., Dierckx, R.A.J.O., De Deyn, P.P. (2021). Nuclear Imaging in Frontotemporal Dementia. In: Dierckx, R.A.J.O., Otte, A., de Vries, E.F.J., van Waarde, A., Leenders, K.L. (eds) PET and SPECT in Neurology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53168-3_15

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