Abstract
Trypanosomiasis is a vector-borne disease caused by protozoal parasites of genus Trypanosoma, with two very different varieties in humans: human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or “sleeping sickness,” which is caused by T. brucei rhodesiense, and T. brucei gambiense transmitted by infected tsetse flies found only in sub-Saharan Africa, as tsetse fly is only vector; and American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease.
T. cruzi is transmitted by bloodsucking triatomine bugs but can spread via blood transfusion, organ transplant, placental transfer, and oral route. It is found mainly in rural Central and South America, but the United States has 200,000–300,000 cases due to different transmission modes.
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Kaya, M. (2021). Trypanosomiasis. In: Foster, C.S., Anesi, S.D., Chang, P.Y. (eds) Uveitis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52974-1_49
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52974-1_49
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