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Progestogens in Infertility Practice

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Progestogens in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Inadequate or deficient progesterone production has been claimed to be responsible for subfertility, implantation failures and recurrent miscarriage. Consequently, in infertility practice, progestogens are widely used in the luteal phase, but there is debate over, the optimal preparation, route of administration and duration of treatment. The progestogens used in infertility practice have been shown to induce changes in a number of immunocompetent cells by different molecular and cellular mechanisms.

Progesterone use for endometrial ripening and implantation is also discussed with reference to the window of receptivity, cytokine changes and progesterone induced changes brought about by nitric oxide synthesis causing local vasodilation and uterine muscle quiescence.

This chapter attempts to connect the endocrine effects of progestogens with the immunomodulatory and cytokine changes associated with progesterone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fertility Associates Mumbai, Mumbai, India

    Ameet S. Patki & Mrinmayi Dharmadhikari

  2. Hinduja Khar Surgicals, Mumbai, India

    Ameet S. Patki

  3. Surya Hospitals Mumbai, Mumbai, India

    Ameet S. Patki

  4. Maharashtra Chapter ISAR, Mumbai, India

    Ameet S. Patki

  5. RCOG, London, UK

    Ameet S. Patki

Authors
  1. Ameet S. Patki
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  2. Mrinmayi Dharmadhikari
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Correspondence to Ameet S. Patki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Howard J.A. Carp

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Patki, A.S., Dharmadhikari, M. (2021). Progestogens in Infertility Practice. In: Carp, H.J. (eds) Progestogens in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52508-8_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52508-8_3

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