Skip to main content

Interactions Between Bilevel Optimization and Nash Games

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Bilevel Optimization

Part of the book series: Springer Optimization and Its Applications ((SOIA,volume 161))

  • 4207 Accesses

Abstract

We aim at building a bridge between bilevel programming and generalized Nash equilibrium problems. First, we present two Nash games that turn out to be linked to the (approximated) optimistic version of the bilevel problem. Specifically, on the one hand we establish relations between the equilibrium set of a Nash game and global optima of the (approximated) optimistic bilevel problem. On the other hand, correspondences between equilibria of another Nash game and stationary points of the (approximated) optimistic bilevel problem are obtained. Then, building on these ideas, we also propose different Nash-like models that are related to the (approximated) pessimistic version of the bilevel problem. This analysis, being of independent theoretical interest, leads also to algorithmic developments. Finally, we discuss the intrinsic complexity characterizing both the optimistic bilevel and the Nash game models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. F. Caruso, M.B. Lignola, J. Morgan, Regularization and approximation methods in Stackelberg games and bilevel optimization. Technical report, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy, 2019

    Google Scholar 

  2. F.H. Clarke, Y.S. Ledyaev, R.J. Stern, P.R. Wolenski, Nonsmooth Analysis and Control Theory, vol. 178 (Springer, Berlin, 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Dempe, B.S. Mordukhovich, A.B. Zemkoho, Sensitivity analysis for two-level value functions with applications to bilevel programming. SIAM J. Optim. 22(4), 1309–1343 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D. Dorsch, H. Th. Jongen, V. Shikhman, On intrinsic complexity of Nash equilibrium problems and bilevel optimization. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 159, 606–634 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Dreves, C. Kanzow, O. Stein, Nonsmooth optimization reformulations of player convex generalized Nash equilibrium problems. J. Global Optim. 53, 587–614 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. F. Facchinei, C. Kanzow, Generalized Nash equilibrium problems. Ann. Oper. Res. 175(1), 177–211 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. H. Th. Jongen, V. Shikhman, Bilevel optimization: on the structure of the feasible set. Math. Program. 136, 65–89 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Th. Jongen, P. Jonker, F. Twilt, Critical sets in parametric optimization. Math. Program. 34, 333–353 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Lampariello, S. Sagratella, A bridge between bilevel programs and Nash games. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 174(2), 613–635 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. L. Lampariello, S. Sagratella, Numerically tractable optimistic bilevel problems. Comput. Optim. Appl. 76, 277–303 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. L. Lampariello, S. Sagratella, O. Stein, The standard pessimistic bilevel problem. SIAM J. Optim. 29, 1634–1656 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. M.B. Lignola, J. Morgan, Topological existence and stability for Stackelberg problems. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 84(1), 145–169 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M.B. Lignola, J. Morgan, Stability of regularized bilevel programming problems. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 93(3), 575–596 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. G-H. Lin, M. Xu, J.J. Ye, On solving simple bilevel programs with a nonconvex lower level program. Math. Program. 144(1–2), 277–305 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. P. Loridan, J. Morgan, A theoretical approximation scheme for Stackelberg problems. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 61(1), 95–110 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L. Mallozzi, R. Messalli, S. Patrì, A. Sacco, Some Aspects of the Stackelberg Leader/Follower Model (Springer, Berlin, 2018), pp. 171–181

    Google Scholar 

  17. D.A. Molodtsov, V.V., Fedorov, Approximation of two-person games with information exchange. USSR Comput. Math. Math. Phys. 13(6), 123–142 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  18. J.V. Outrata, On the numerical solution of a class of Stackelberg problems. Z. Oper. Res. 34(4), 255–277 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  19. R.T. Rockafellar, J.B. Wets, Variational Analysis (Springer, Berlin, 1998)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  20. O. Stein, Bi-Level Strategies in Semi-Infinite Programming (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  21. O. Stein, How to solve a semi-infinite optimization problem. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 23, 312–320 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. T. Tanino, T. Ogawa, An algorithm for solving two-level convex optimization problems. Int. J. Syst. Sci. 15(2), 163–174 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. A. von Heusinger, C. Kanzow, Optimization reformulations of the generalized Nash equilibrium problem using Nikaido–Isoda-type functions. Comput. Optim. Appl. 43, 353–377 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J.J. Ye, D.L. Zhu, Optimality conditions for bilevel programming problems. Optimization 33(1), 9–27 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J.J. Ye, D.L. Zhu, New necessary optimality conditions for bilevel programs by combining the MPEC and value function approaches. SIAM J. Optim. 20(4), 1885–1905 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lorenzo Lampariello .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Lampariello, L., Sagratella, S., Shikhman, V., Stein, O. (2020). Interactions Between Bilevel Optimization and Nash Games. In: Dempe, S., Zemkoho, A. (eds) Bilevel Optimization. Springer Optimization and Its Applications, vol 161. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52119-6_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics