Skip to main content
Book cover

Facial-Oral Tract Therapy (F.O.T.T.) pp 115–156Cite as

Oral Hygiene: An Interprofessional Concern

  • 392 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter outlines the principles, methods and techniques underlying the F.O.T.T. area for oral hygiene. It explores the implications of oral hygiene for overall health and as a daily activity providing input for swallowing, cleaning and protection of the lower airway. It focuses on patients suffering from severe brain damage, like stroke or acquired brain injury in the acute and subacute phase. Common problems are described, including concrete approaches for problem-solving. Solutions are dependent of the patient’s age and disorder, the specific environment, and the conditions for care and treatment. Oral hygiene is set in an interprofessional context, where the different professions, such as nurses, therapists, medical doctors and carers, work together towards the patient’s goals and contribute with their core competences. The principles and methods might also be used in patients suffering from neurodegenerative disorders or geriatric diseases, and in children and youth with cerebral palsy.

Keywords

  • ICF
  • Biting reactions
  • Complications
  • Typical problems
  • Treatment
  • Oral hygiene aids
  • Biting reactions
  • Interprofessional cooperation
  • Informal carers

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51637-6_6
  • Chapter length: 42 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-030-51637-6
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Hardcover Book
USD   89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 6.1
Fig. 6.2
Fig. 6.3
Fig. 6.4
Fig. 6.5
Fig. 6.6
Fig. 6.7
Fig. 6.8
Fig. 6.9
Fig. 6.10
Fig. 6.11
Fig. 6.12
Fig. 6.13
Fig. 6.14
Fig. 6.15
Fig. 6.16
Fig. 6.17
Fig. 6.18
Fig. 6.19
Fig. 6.20
Fig. 6.21
Fig. 6.22
Fig. 6.23
Fig. 6.24
Fig. 6.25
Fig. 6.26

References

  • Achilles P, Janz P, Schrenk D, von Weizsäcker CF (1990) Viktor von Weizsäcker – Wahrnehmung und Bewegen. Gesammelte Schriften 3. Die Tätigkeit des Nervensystems. Hyperästhesie. Suhrkamp, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Affolter F (1991) Perception, interaction and language. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 166–180

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Affolter: APW Arbeitsgemeinschaft pro Wahrnehmung (http://www.apwschweiz.ch/) Accessed 2 Oct 2018

  • Affolter F, Bischofberger W (2000) Nonverbal perceptual and cognitive processes in children with language disorders. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Mahwah, pp 147–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Albers HK, Berthold I, Nass D, Rausch M (1982) Comparative clinical and experimental studies on the effect of seven different dentifrices on dental hard tissues and on the gingiva. Quintessenz 33(3):559–571

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Avivi Arber L, Martin R, Lee J-C, Sessle BJ (2011) Face sensorimotor cortex and its neuroplasticity related to orofacial sensorimotor functions. Arch Oral Biol 56:1440–1465

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Behr M, Hahnel S, Faltermeier A, Bürgers R, Kolbeck C, Handel G, Proff P (2012) The two main theories on dental bruxism. Ann Anat 194(2):216–219

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brady MC, Furlanetto D, Hunter R, Lewis SC, Milne V (2006) Staff –led interventions for improving oral hygiene in patients following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4):CD003864

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown Bonwell P, Parsons LP, Best AM, Hise S (2014) An interprofessional educational approach to oral health care in the geriatric population. Gerontol Geriatr Educ 35(2):182–199

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • CAIPE – Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education (2012). http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning/interprofessional-education/definitions. Accessed 26 Mar 2015

  • Chang K-H, Liou T-H, Chen C-I, Wu C-H, Hsu W-Y, Tsong-Yih (2013) Pathogen colonization in patients with acute cerebral stroke. Disabil Rehabil 35(8):662–667

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chao CYF, Chen YY, Wang K, Lee RP, Tsai H (2008) Removal of oral secretion prior to position change can reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia for adult ICU patients: a clinical controlled trial study. J Clin Nurs 18(1):22–28

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Craig RG, Cramer AR (2016). https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-49699-2_1. Accessed 1 Oct 2018

  • Dai R, Lam LTO, Lo ECM, Li Leonard SW, Wen Y, McGrath C (2015) A systematic review and metaanalysis of clinical, microbiological, and behavioural aspects of oral health among patients with stroke. J Dent 43:171–180

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davies PM (2001) Intensive und qualifizierte Therapie von Anfang an: ein Schlüssel zu erfolgreicher rehabilitation nach schwerer Hirnschädigung. In: Jubiläumsschrift.10 Jahre Schulungszentrum. Therapiezentrum Burgau. Unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies PM (1998) Starting again early rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury or other severe brain lesion. Berlin: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawes C (2015) The functions of human saliva: a review sponsored by the World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI. Arch Oral Biol 60(6):863–874

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Jongh A, de Baat C, Horstman M, van Wijk AJ (2013) Self-perceived oral odour and social interaction. Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd 120(4):194–198

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Jongh A, van Wijk A, Horstmann M, de Baat C (2014) Attitudes towards individuals with halitosis: an online cross survey of the Dutch general population. Br Dent J 216(4):E8

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dziewas R, Beck AM, Clave P, Hamdy S, Heppner HJ, Langmore SE, Leischker A, Martino R, Pluschinski P, Roesler A, Shaker R, Warnecke T, Sieber CC, Volkert D, Wirth R (2017) Recognizing the importance of dysphagia: stumbling blocks and stepping stones in the twenty-first century. Dysphagia 32:78–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-016-9746-2

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El Maaytah M, Jerjes W, Upile T, Swinson B, Hopper C, Ayliffe P (2006) Bruxism secondary to brain injury treated with botulinum toxin-A: a case report. Head Face Med 2:41

    CrossRef  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Faigenblum MJ (2015) The denture box. An aid to denture hygiene. Br Dent J 218(1):9–12

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forsell M, Sjögren P (2011) Attitudes and perceptions towards oral hygiene tasks among geriatric nursing home staff. Int J Dent Hyg 9(3):199–203

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frank K, Frank U (2011) Respiratory therapy (bagging, air stacking) for patients in early neurorehabilitation. Pneumologie 65(5):314–319

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gampp Lehmann K, Wiest R, Seifert E (2020) Physiotherapy-related late onset clinical and grey matter plasticity changes in a patient with dysphagia due to long-standing pseudobulbar palsy – a longitudinal case study. Synapse-ACPIN: March 2020: 4–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Gewitz MH, Wilson WR, Smith CS (2012) AHA Scientific Statement. Periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease: does the evidence support an independent association? Published online April 18, 2012. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2012/04/18/CIR.0b013e31825719f3. Accessed 26 Mar 2015

  • Giancarlo De la Torre Canales, Mariana Barbosa Câmara-Souza, Camilla Fraga do Amaral, Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues Garcia, Daniele Manfredini (2017) Is there enough evidence to use botulinum toxin injections for bruxism management? A systematic literature review. Clinical Oral Investigations 21(3):727–734

    Google Scholar 

  • Hebecker B, Naglik JR, Hube B, Jacobsen ID (2014) Pathogenicity mechanisms and host response during oral Candida albicans infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 12(7):867–879

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu SP, Liao CS, Li CY, Chiou AF (2010) The effects of different oral care protocols on mucosal change in orally intubated patients from an intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs 20(7–8):1044–1053

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ivanhoe CB, Lai JM, Francisco GE (1997) Bruxism after brain injury: successful treatment with botulinum toxin-A. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 78(11):1272–1273

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jankovic J (2017) An update on new and unique uses of botulinum toxin in movement disorders. Toxicon 147:84–88

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kelly T (2010) Review of the evidence to support oral hygiene in stroke patients. Nurs Stand 24(37):35–38

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kesikburun S, Aaca R, Aras B et al (2014) Botulinum toxin injection for bruxism associated with brain injury: case report. J Rehabil Res Dev 51(4):661–664

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klobucar R, Kingsmill V, Venables V, Bisase B, Nduka C (2012) A dental perspective of facial palsy. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233834902_A_dental_perspective_of_facial_palsy accessed 04.08.2020

  • Kothari M, Pillai RS, Kothari SF, Spin-Neto R, Kumar A, Feldbæk JN (2017) Oral health status in patients with acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 123:205–219

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar PR, Shajahan PA, Mathew J, Koruthu A, Aravind P, Ahammed MF (2015) Denture adhesives in prosthodontics: an overview. J Int Oral Health 7(Suppl 1):93–95

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Langmore SE, Terpenning MS, Schork A, Chen Y, Murray JT, Lopatin D, Loesche WJ (1998) Predictors of aspiration pneumonia: how important is dysphagia? Dysphagia 13(2):69–81

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lindenmüller IH, Lambrecht TJ (2011) Oral care. In: Surber C, Elsner P, Farage MA (eds) Topical applications and the mucosa. Karger, Basel, pp 107–115

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Lobbezoo F, Ahleberg J, Glaros AG, Svenson P, Winocur E (2013) Bruxism defined and graded: an international consensus. J Oral Rehabil 40(1):2–4

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long H, Liao Z, Wang Y, Liao L, Lai W (2012) Efficacy of botulinum toxins on bruxism: an evidence-based review. Int Dent J 62(1):1–5

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manfredi M, Polonelli L, Aguirre-Urizar JM, Carrozzo M, McCullough MJ (2013) Urban legends series: oral candidosis. Oral Dis 19:245–261

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mastroberardino S, Cagetti MG, Cocco F, Campus G, Pizzocri J, Strohmenger L (2014) Vertical brushing versus horizontal brushing: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. Quintessence Int 45(8):653–661

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McKeown L (2003) Social relations and breath odor. Int J Dent Hyg 1(4):213–217

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McNaught AB, Callander R (1983) Illustrated physiology, sensory and motor cortex, 4th edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Meurman JH, Sorvari R, Pelttari A, Rytömaa I, Franssila S, Kroon L (1996) Hospital mouth-cleaning aids may cause dental erosion. Spec Care Dentist 16(6):247–250

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Millwood J, Fiske J (2001) Lip-biting in patients with profound neuro-disability. Dent Update 28(2):105–108

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed K, Yates J, Roberts A (2014) Diabetes mellitus: considerations for the dental practitioner. Dent Update 41:144–154

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan AS, Mackay LE (1999) Current trends and technologies in dysphagia management causes and complications associated with swallowing disorders in traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 14(5):454–461. © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mori C, Hakuta C, Endo K, Nariai T, Ueno M, Shinada K, Kawaguchi Y (2012) The effect of professional oral health care on patients in the subacute stage of emergent neurosurgical disorders. Spec Care Dentist 32(6):259–264

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mulder T, Hochstenbach J (2001) Adaptability and flexibility of the human motor system: implication for neurological rehabilitation. Neural Plast 8(1–2):131–140

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Norup A, Kristensen KS, Poulsen I, Nielsen CL, Mortensen EL (2013) Clinically significant changes in the emotional condition of relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury during sub-acute rehabilitation. J Rehabil Med 45(8):820–645

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pace CC, McCullough GH (2010) The association between oral microorganisms and aspiration pneumonia in the institutionalized elderly: review and recommendations. Dysphagia 25(4):307–322

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pickenbrock H, Ludwig VU, Zapf A, Dressler D (2015) Conventional versus neutral positioning in central neurological disease: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Dtsch Arztebl Int 112(3):35–42

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Roulet JF, Fath S, Zimmer S (Hrsg) (2012) Lehrbuch Prophylaxeassistentin, 4. Aufl. Urban & Fischer, München Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Sackett DL, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JAM, Haynes RB, Richardson WS (1996) Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ 312(7023):71–72

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sambunjak D, Nickerson JW, Poklepovic T, Johnson TM, Imai P, Tugwell P, Worthington HV (2012) Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults (Cochrane review). https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008829.pub2/full?highlightAbstract=flossing%7Cfloss. Accessed 25 Nov 2018

  • Satoh T, Haradaya Y (1971) Tooth grinding during sleep as an arousal reaction. Experientia 27(7):785–786

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Scannapieco FA, Harris KW (2016) Oral health and pneumonia. In: Craig R, Kamer A (eds) A clinician’s guide to systemic effects of periodontal diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer AS, Richter GM, Groessner-Schreiber B, Noack B, Nothnagel M, El Mokhtari NE, Loos BG, Jepsen S, Schreiber S (2009) Identification of a shared genetic susceptibility locus for coronary heart disease and periodontitis. PLoS Genet 5(2):e1000378

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shangase SE, Mohang GU, Hassam-Essa S, Wood NH (2013) The association between periodontitis and systemic health: an overview. SADJ 68(1):8, 10–12

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson TC, Needleman I, Wild SH, Moles DR, Mills EJ (2010) Treatment of periodontal disease for glycaemic control in people with diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (5):CD004714

    Google Scholar 

  • Slaughter A, Katz RV, Grasso JE (1999) Professional attitudes toward denture adhesives: a Delphi technique survey of academic prosthodontists. J Prosthet Dent 82(1):80–89

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tan EK, Chan LL, Chang HM (2004) Severe bruxism following basal ganglia infarcts, insights into pathophysiology. J Neurol Sci 217(2):229–232

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Treloar DM, Stechmiller JK (1995) Use of a clinical assessment tool for orally intubated patients. Am J Crit Care 4(5):355–360

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wainwright J, Sheiham A (2014) An analysis of methods of toothbrushing recommended by dental asso ciations, toothpaste and toothbrush companies and in dental texts. Br Dent J 217:E5

    Google Scholar 

  • Warner LA (1986) Lemon-glycerine swabs should not be used for routine oral care. Crit Care Nurse 6(6):82–83

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WHO – World Health Organization (2018) International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). http://www.who.int/classifications/drafticfpracticalmanual2.pdf?ua=1. Accessed 2 Oct 2018

  • Wiegand A, Burkhard JP, Eggmann F, Attin T (2013) Brushing force of manual and sonic toothbrushes affects dental hard tissue abrasion. Clin Oral Investig 17(3):815–822

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zasler ND, Devany CW, Jarman AL, Friedman R, Dinius A (1993) Oral hygiene following traumatic brain injury: a programme to promote dental health. Brain Inj 7(4):339–345

    CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmermann H, Zimmermann N, Hagenfeld D, Veile A, Kim T-S, Becher H (2014) Is frequency of tooth brushing a risk factor for periodontitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 43:116–127

    CrossRef  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rigshospital/Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

    Daniela Jakobsen

Authors
  1. Daniela Jakobsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniela Jakobsen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instructor for Facial-Oral Tract Therapy, Berlin, Germany

    Ricki Nusser-Müller-Busch

  2. Physiotherapy Bahnhofplatz Belp, Belp, Switzerland

    Karin Gampp Lehmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Jakobsen, D. (2021). Oral Hygiene: An Interprofessional Concern. In: Nusser-Müller-Busch, R., Gampp Lehmann, K. (eds) Facial-Oral Tract Therapy (F.O.T.T.) . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51637-6_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51637-6_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-51636-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-51637-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)