Abstract
Developmental toxicology is the study of pharmacokinetics, mechanisms, pathogenesis, and outcomes following exposure to agents or conditions leading to abnormal development. Developmental toxicology includes teratology, or the study of structural birth defects. In 1960, a large increase in newborns with rare limb malformations of amelia (absence of the limbs) or various degrees of phocomelia (reduction of the long bones of the limbs) was recorded in West Germany. Congenital heart disease; ocular, intestinal, and renal anomalies; and malformations of the external and inner ears were also involved. This chapter briefly describes the overview, key points, and relevant text that are in the format of problem-solving study questions followed by multiple-choice questions (MCQs) along with their answers.
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Further Reading
Gupta PK (2018) Illustrative toxicology, 1st edn. Elsevier, San Diego
Gupta PK (2020) Brainstorming questions in toxicology. Francis and Taylor CRC Press, Boca Raton
Rogers JM (2015) Developmental toxicology. In: Klaassen CD, Watkins JB III (eds) Casarett & Doull’s essentials of toxicology, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 149–162
Vettorazzi G (2010) Reproduction toxicity and teratogenicity. In: Gupta PK (ed) Modern toxicology: basis of organ and reproduction toxicity, vol 1, 2nd reprint edn. PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad, pp 340–393
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Gupta, P.K. (2020). Developmental Toxicology. In: Problem Solving Questions in Toxicology:. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50409-0_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50409-0_10
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