Skip to main content

The Evolution of Economy and Economic Thought

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Theoretical Approaches to Economic Growth and Development

Abstract

The evolution of economic thought is examined, compiled on a comprehensive table, which is then analyzed alongside the main milestones of the development of the global economy. Reference is made to the economy and economics until the Great Recession of 2008. Also, the advancement of technology in the period following the Great Depression and the end of the Second World War is depicted. The favorable period for global economy and the dominance of Keynesian economics were succeeded, after 1970, by a highly volatile economic environment with strong fluctuations in terms of both output and price level. Also, developments during the Great Moderation period, until the Great Recession of 2008, are presented. Finally, reference is made to the period of the Great Recession of 2008 and to its aftermath.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Acemoglu, D. (2009). Introduction to modern economic growth. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aghion, P., & Howitt, P. (1988). Growth and cycles through creative destruction (Unpublished). University of Western Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aghion, P., & Howitt, P. (1992). A model of growth through creative destruction. Econometrica, 60, 323–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aghion, P., & Howitt, P. (2009). The economics of growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Akerlof, G. A. (1970). The market for “lemons”: Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 84(3), 488–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allsopp, C., & Vines, D. (2015). Monetary and fiscal policy in the Great Moderation and the Great Recession. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 31(2), 134–167. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grv022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amin, S. (1976). Unequal development. New York: Monthly Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arrow, K. J., & Debreu, G. (1954). Existence of an equilibrium for a competitive economy. Econometrica, 22(3), 265–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baran, P. A. (1952). On the political economy of backwardness. The Manchester School, 20(1), 66–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baran, P. A. (1957). The political economy of growth. New York: Monthly Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R. J. (1976). Rational expectations and the role of monetary policy. Journal of Monetary Economics, 2, 1–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R. J., & Crossman, H. (1971). A general disequilibrium model of income and employment. American Economic Review, 62, 82–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R. J., & Sala-i-Martin, X. (2003). Economic growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, G. (1964). Human capital. New York Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, G. (1975). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (2nd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press for NBER.

    Google Scholar 

  • BIS. (2016). Unconventional monetary policies: A re-appraisal (BIS Working Papers 570). Bank for International Settlements.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, O. J. (2011). Blanchard on 2011’s four hard truths. (VOX, CEPR Policy Portal).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, O. J., & Leigh, D. (2012). Growth forecast errors and fiscal multipliers (NBER Working Papers 18779). National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunnermeier, M. K., Eisenbach, T., & Sannikov, Y. (2013). Macroeconomics with financial frictions: A survey. Advances in Economics and Econometrics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and New York: Tenth World Congress of the Econometric Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunnermeier, M. K., & Sannikov, Y. (2013). Redistributive monetary policy. Jackson Hole Symposium 2013331-384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvo, G. (1988). Servicing the public debt: The role of expectations. American Economic Review, 78(4), 647–661.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clower, R. (1965). The Keynesian counter-revolution: A theoretical appraisal. In F. H. Hahn & F. P. R. Brechling (Eds.), The theory of interest rates. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coase, H. R. (1960). The problem of social cost. Journal of Law and Economics, 3, 1–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corsetti, G. C., & Dedola, L. (2011). Fiscal crises, confidence and default: A bare-bones model with lessons for the Euro area (Unpublished). Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, C. (1859). On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, P. (1984). Reviving Keynes’s revolution. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 6, 561–575.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Grauwe, P. (2011). The governance of a fragile Eurozone, economic policy (CEPS Working Documents).

    Google Scholar 

  • Domar, D. E. (1946). Capital expansion, rate of growth and employment. Econometrica, 14, 137–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dullien, S., & Guérot, U. (2012). The long shadow of Ordoliberalism: Germany’s approach to the Euro crisis (European Council on Foreign Relations, ECFR/49).

    Google Scholar 

  • ECB. (2013). The dynamics of spillover effects during the European sovereign debt turmoil (Working Paper Series, NO 1558/June).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, S. (1977). Long-term contracts, rational expectations, and the optimal money supply rule. Journal of Political Economy, 85(1), 191–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, J., & Pyka, A. (2014). Introduction: Co-evolution and complex adaptive systems in evolutionary economics. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 24(2), 205–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, G. (1966). The development of underdevelopment. Monthly Review, 18(4), 17–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. (1953). The case for flexible exchange rates. In M. Friedman (Ed.), Essays in positive economics (pp. 157–203). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. (1956). The quantity theory of money—A restatement. In M. Friedman (Ed.), Studies in the quantity theory of money (pp. 3–21). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M., & Schwartz, A. J. (1963). A monetary history of the United States, 1867–1960. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galbraith, J. K. (1958). The affluent society. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerschenkron, A. (1962). Economic backwardness in historical perspective. Cambridge: Belknap Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gros, D. (2011). A simple model of multiple equilibria and default mimeo (CEPS Working Document, No. 366).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gros, D. (2012). A simple model of multiple equilibria and default. (CEPS Working Document, No. 366).

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrod, R. (1939). An essay in dynamic theory. Economic Journal, 49, 14–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayek, F. A. (1935). Prices and production. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckscher, E. (1919). The effect of foreign trade on the distribution of income. Ekonomisk Tidskrift, 21, 497–512.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263–292.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaldor, N. (1957). A model of economic growth. Economic Journal, 67(268), 591–624.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaldor, N. (1961). Capital accumulation and economic growth. In F. A. Lutz & D. C. Hague (Eds.), The theory of capital (pp. 177–222). London: Macmillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Κοο, R. C. (2008). The holy grail of macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krugman, P. R. (1979). Increasing returns, monopolistic competition and international trade. Journal of International Economics, 9, 469–479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krugman, P. R. (2009). The Great Recession versus the Great Depression. Retrieved from http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/03/20/the-great-recession-versus-the-great-depression.

  • Krueger, A. (1974). The political economy of the rent seeking society. American Economic Review, 64, 291–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kydland, F. E., & Prescott, E. C. (1977). Rules rather than discretion: The inconsistency of optimal plans. Journal of Political Economy, 85, 473–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kydland, F. E., & Prescott, E. C. (1982). Time to build and aggregate fluctuations. Econometrica, 50(6), 1345–1370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leijonhufvud, A. (1968). On Keynesian economics and the economics of Keynes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leontief, W. (1951). Les tendances futures éventuelles des relations économiques internationales des Etats-Unis. Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, 2(3), 271–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leontief, W. (1966). Input—Output economics. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, W. A. (1954). Economic development with unlimited supplies of labor. Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 22, 139–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E. (1975). An equilibrium model of the business cycle. Journal of Political Economy, 83(6), 1113–1144. https://doi.org/10.1086/260386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E. (1976). Econometric policy evaluation: A critique. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 1(1), 19–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanisms of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E. (1990). Why doesn’t capital flow from rich to poor countries? American Economic Review, 80(2), 92–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malthus, T. R. (1798). An essay on the principle of population, as it affects the future improvement of society, with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other Writers, J. Johnson, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mankiw, N. G., Romer, D., & Weil, D. (1992). A contribution to the empirics of economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107, 407–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, A. (1890). Principles of economics (1st ed.). London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, H. P. (1985). The financial instability hypothesis: A restatement. In P. Arestis & T. Skouras (Eds.), Post Keynesian economic theory. Brighton, UK: Wheatsheaf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, H. P. (1986). Stabilizing an unstable economy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Modigliani, F., & Miller, M. (1958). The cost of capital, corporation finance, and the theory of investment. American Economic Review, 48(3), 261–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mundell, R. A. (1961). A theory of optimum currency areas. American Economic Review, 53, 657–665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myrda, G. (2004 [1953]). The political element in the development of economic theory. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, J. F. (1949). Equilibrium points in N-person games. Mathematics, 36(1), 48–49. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.36.1.48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohlin, B. (1933). Interregional and international trade. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orphanides, A. (2003). The quest for prosperity without inflation. Journal of Monetary Economics, 50(3), 633–663.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orphanides, A. (2007). Taylor rules. Finance and Economics Discussion Series 18. (U.S.). Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pareto, V. (1906). Manuale di Economia Politica, con una Introduzione alla Scienza Sociale. The Economic Journal, 16(64), 553–557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pareto, V. (1935). The mind and society. In A. Livingston (Ed.), (A. Bongiorno & A. Livingston, trans.). New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pigou, A. C. (1912). Wealth and welfare. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prebisch, R. (1968). A new strategy for development. Journal of Economic Studies, 3, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinhart, C. M., & Rogoff, K. R. (2010). Growth in a time of debt (American Economic Review, NBER Working Paper 15639).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricardo, D. (1817). The principles of political economy and taxation. Kitchener: Batoche Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Romer, P. (1986). Increasing returns and long run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94, 1002–1037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romer P. (1990). Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), S71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein-Rodan, P. N. (1943). Problems of industrialization of eastern and south-eastern Europe. The Economic Journal, 53, 202–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostow, W. W. (1960). The stages of economic growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotemberg, J. J., & Woodford, M. (1997). An optimization-based econometric framework for the evaluation of monetary policy. NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 12, 297–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rudebusch, G. D. (2010). The Fed’s exit strategy for monetary policy. FRBSF Economic Letter, 18, 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, G. (2012a, March 15). Achieving fiscal and external balance (Part 1): The price adjustment rewired for external sustainability. European Economics Analyst (12/01).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, G. (2012b, May 10). Can the Euro area adjust? European Economics Analyst (12/08).

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson, P. (1948). Economics: An introductory analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson, P. (1954). The pure theory of public expenditure. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 36(4), 387–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schumpeter, J. A. (1934 [1911]). The theory of economic development. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, H. W. (1950). The distribution of gains between investing and borrowing countries. American Economic Review, 40(2), 473–485.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A. (1981 [1776]). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, Volumes I and II. In R. H. Campbell & A. S. Skinner (Eds.), Liberty Fund: Indianopolis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. B. (1980). Aggregate dynamics and staggered contracts. Journal of Political Economy, 88, 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. B. (1993). Discretion versus policy rules in practice. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 39, 195–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tullock, G. (1967). The welfare costs of tariffs, monopolies, and theft. Western Economic Journal, 5, 224–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teulings, C., & Baldwin, R. (2014). Secular stagnation: Facts, causes, and cures. In C. Teulings and R. Baldwin (Eds.), A VoxEU.org Book. London: CEPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tversky, A. M., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185(1124), 31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veblen, T. (1898). Why is economics not an evolutionary science? The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 12(4), 373–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, R. (1970). Creativity: Selected readings. London: Penguin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Mises, L. (1912). The theory of money and credit. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Mises, L. (1996 [1949]). Human action: A treatise on economics. Fox & Wilkes, ISBN 0930073185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Neumann, J., & Morgenstern, O. (1944). Theory of games and economic behavior. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walras, L. (1874). Principe d’une théorie mathématique de l’échange. Journal des économistes, 34, 5–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wicksell, K. (1958 [1896]). Finanztheoretische Untersuchungen. Jena: Gustav Fischer (English trans.: A new principle of just taxation). In R. Musgrave & A. T. Peacock (Eds.), Classics in the theory of public finance (pp. 72–118) New York: St. Martin’s Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O. (1975). Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolff, G. B. (2012). Arithmetic is absolute: Euro-area adjustment. (Bruegel Policy Contribution, 2012/09).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolff, G. B. (2014). Monetary policy cannot solve secular stagnation alone. In C. Teulings & R. Baldwin (Eds.), Secular stagnation: Facts, causes, and cures (pp. 143–150). A VoxEU.org Book. London: CEPR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodford, M. (2011). Simple analytics of the government expenditure multiplier. American Economic Journal, Macroeconomics, 3(1), 1–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wyplosz, C. (2010). The Eurozone debt crisis, facts and myths. VoxEU.org.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Panagiotis E. Petrakis .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Petrakis, P.E. (2020). The Evolution of Economy and Economic Thought. In: Theoretical Approaches to Economic Growth and Development. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50068-9_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50068-9_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-50067-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-50068-9

  • eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics