Abstract
This chapter summarises the main findings and highlights which patterns and dynamics are important to gain a nuanced understanding of the history and politics of Big Science collaborations in Europe. In particular, this chapter argues that the other Europe apparently exists for Big Science in Europe, and this other Europe mainly consists of alternative dynamics and developments beyond mainstream European politics and integration. These dynamics are thus different from those so far foregrounded by historians, sociologists or political scientists studying European history and integration. But they are important to understand the history and politics of Europe in all their complexity.
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Notes
- 1.
See, for example, T. Misa and J. Schot, “Inventing Europe: Technology and the Hidden Integration of Europe.” History and Technology 21, no. 1 (2005); H. Trischler and H. Weinberger, “Engineering Europe: Big Technologies and Military Systems in the Making of 20th Century Europe.” History and Technology 21, no. 1 (2005); F. Schipper and J. Schot “Infrastructural Europeanism, or the Project of Building Europe on Infrastructures: An Introduction.” History and Technology 27, no. 3 (2011); K. Patel, “Provincialising European Union: Co-Operation and Integration in Europe in a Historical Perspective.” Contemporary European History 22, no. 04 (2013), 650.
- 2.
J. Krige, “The Politics of European Scientific Collaboration.” In Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century, eds. J. Krige and D. Pestre (London: Routledge, 2003), 900.
- 3.
P. Papon, “L’Espace Européen de la Recherche (1960–1985): Entre Science et Politique.” In La Construction d’un Espace Scientifique Commun? La France, la RFA et l’Europe après le “Choc du Spoutnik”, eds. C. Defrance and U. Pfeil (Bruxelles, New York: P.I.E. Peter Lang, 2012), 42.
- 4.
See, Petition of the Hungarian Synchrotron Committee at change.org: Stop Hungary’s withdrawal from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
- 5.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, “Russia and CERN are Working Out a New Format of Cooperation,” News Release (14 March 2018).
- 6.
TASS, “New Agreement with CERN to be Signed in 2018 – Russia’s Education Ministry,” News Release, 10 March 2018.
- 7.
J. Amos, “XFEL: Brilliant X-Ray Laser Comes Online.” BBC News, 1 September 2017.
- 8.
See, for example, K. C. Cramer, “The Role of European Big Science in the (Geo)Political Challenges of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries.” In Big Science and Research Infrastructures in Europe, eds. K. C. Cramer and O. Hallonsten (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2020).
- 9.
O. Hallonsten, “Research Infrastructures in Europe: The Hype and the Field.” European Review 28, no. 4 (2020).
Bibliography
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Cramer, K. C. “The Role of European Big Science in the (Geo)Political Challenges of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries.” In Big Science and Research Infrastructures in Europe, eds. K. C. Cramer and O. Hallonsten, 56–75. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2020.
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Krige, J. “The Politics of European Scientific Collaboration.” In Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century, edited by J. Krige and D. Pestre, 897–918. London: Routledge, 2003.
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Miscellaneous
Petition of the Hungarian Synchrotron Committee at change.org: Stop Hungary’s withdrawal from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Online available: https://www.change.org/p/government-of-hungary-hungarian-academy-of-sciences-stop-hungary-s-withdrawal-from-the-european-synchrotron-radiation-facility, last accessed 30 March 2020.
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Cramer, K.C. (2020). The Other Europe of Big Science: Historical Dynamics and Contemporary Tendencies. In: A Political History of Big Science. Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50049-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50049-8_6
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