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Childhood Trauma and Dissociative Disorders

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Childhood Trauma in Mental Disorders

Abstract

Dissociative disorders constitute an exemplary disease model of the biopsychosocial paradigm in psychiatry. Being a post-traumatic condition related to developmental adversities, both biological underpinnings, as well as the neurobiological consequences of chronic stress, and the social context where the traumatic experiences occur influence the pathogenesis, expression, and treatment of dissociative disorders. The central dimension of dissociative psychopathology is a disturbance of sense of self and/or agency which may be accompanied by amnesias, due to altered metamemory processes. Such dissociation is a consequence of the disturbed mutuality between external realities and the internal world (psychological realities) which require synchronization. This disorganization may lead to alterations of consciousness, which may interfere with cognitive abilities, vigilance, and awareness of the individual. As one of these disturbances may predominate in a particular patient or for a period of time, the therapeutic intervention requires flexibility both within an ongoing treatment and between different patients. The trimodal model of complex trauma and dissociation provides a basis to understand this spectrum of psychopathology which is in analogy with the response of the body to an injury or the components of a bodily disease.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSOM), Istanbul, Turkey

    Vedat Şar

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  1. Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy

    Gianfranco Spalletta

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Delfina Janiri

  3. Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy

    Federica Piras

  4. Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Gabriele Sani

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Şar, V. (2020). Childhood Trauma and Dissociative Disorders. In: Spalletta, G., Janiri, D., Piras, F., Sani, G. (eds) Childhood Trauma in Mental Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49414-8_16

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