‘A Blot on Our Fair Name’? Indefinite Detention and Exploitation

Abstract

This chapter focuses on British attitudes towards the repatriation of German POWs. It begins by considering British policy in relation to the stipulations of the 1929 Geneva Convention. In other words, the obligations of the post-war Labour government regarding the return of German POWs in the context of unconditional surrender. The continued employment of POW labour was considered vital to Britain’s post-war economy. Therefore, no plans for a progressive scheme of repatriation were considered. The concern raised in press and parliament over the lack of a repatriation programme and the effect continued detention was thought to be having on the POWs in 1946 is then outlined. A notable figure which emerges is Richard Rapier Stokes (Lab. Ipswich), and his individual motivations are considered. Having already established itself as an influential post-war pressure group, Save Europe Now, chaired by the charismatic publisher turned campaigner Victor Gollancz, organised a formal protest urging Attlee to draw up a gradual repatriation scheme. Understanding the growing public concern, symbolised by the SEN Memorial, the chapter considers the response of the Labour government and the beginning of repatriation in September–October 1946. Although this was welcomed, pressure continued to hasten repatriation. Criticism continued into 1947, resulting in a second Memorial sent to Attlee by SEN, this is examined followed by Attlee’s dismissal of the demands and the eventual completionof repatriation.