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Introduction to Exercise Physiology

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Basic Exercise Physiology

Abstract

Exercise physiology expresses the body’s functional capacity during and following exercise. Exercise physiology is a profession that supports medical and health professions. It defines the different body’s system adaptations to acute physical bouts and long-lasting exercise training. Following an exercise training program, functional changes of the muscular, cardiovascular, and neurohumoral systems improve body’s overall functional capacity. In addition, chronic exercise training increases cellular metabolic rate as an adaptive response. Exercise physiology helps to detect, by means of a physical exercise, health status and pathological state and use mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.

Participation in physical activity has many motives, such as supports growth, improves strength, delays aging, increases muscle mass, improves cardiovascular system functional capacity, enhances athletic abilities, and weight loss. Amount of recommended exercise regimes may be beneficial to the individual’s health profits. It depends on the exercise mode and the individual’s age. Participating in any level of physical activity, even of low intensities, is far better than being physically inactive.

Exercise modes are defined as dynamic or static. Dynamic exercises, such as running, walking, swimming, and cycling, reduce diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at rest and during exercise due to the reduced total peripheral resistance (TPR). However, weightlifting causes a sharp increase in systolic blood pressure (BP), DBP, and thus mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), affecting the significant increase of TPR.

Exercises have usually numerous modes, depending on the overall effect they have on the human body, and this book deals with the following two main modes: aerobic and anaerobic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. North Carolina State University, Jamestown, NC, USA

    Moran S. Saghiv

  2. Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel

    Michael S. Sagiv

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Saghiv, M.S., Sagiv, M.S. (2020). Introduction to Exercise Physiology. In: Basic Exercise Physiology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48806-2_1

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